NUM 



NUM 



with more particularity, as for that which 

 is justified This is called a new assign- 

 inent 



NOVEMBER, in chronology, the llth 

 month of the Julian year, consisting- only 

 of thirty days : it got the name of Novem- 

 ber, as being the ninth month of Romu- 

 lus's year, which began with March. 



NOUN, in grammar, a part of speech, 

 which signifies tilings without any relation 

 to time ; as a man, a house, sweet, bitter, 

 Sec. See GRAMMAR. 



NOURISHMENT. See PHYSIOLOGY. 



NUDE contract, midum pactwn, a bare 

 promise without any consideration, and 

 not authenticated by deed, which is there- 

 fore void in law. 



NUISANCE, signifies generally any 

 thing that does hurt, inconvenience, or 

 damage, to the property or person of an- 

 other- Nuisances are of two kinds, pub- 

 lic and private, and either affect the pub- 

 lic or the individual. The remedy for 

 a private nuisance is by action on the 

 case for damages, and for a public 

 nuisance by indictment. Amongst the 

 nuisances which most commonly occur 

 are the erecting of noxious manufac- 

 tures in towns, and in the vicinity of an- 

 cient houses ; such as the erecting a 

 vitriol manufactory, to the annoyance of 

 the neighbours in general. Disorderly 

 houses, bawdy houses, stage booths, lot- 

 teries, and common scolds, are also public 

 nuisances \V litre the injury is merely 

 to an individual, and not to the public, 

 the individual only has an action, but not 

 in the case of a public nuisance, where 

 the private injury is merged, or lost, in 

 that of the public, but where an indivi- 

 dual receives a particular injury by a 

 public nuisance. And any one aggriev- 

 ed may abate, that is, pull down and re- 

 move a nuisance, after which he can have 

 no action : but this is a dangerous at- 

 tempt to take the law into one's own hands. 

 It must be done without riot, if at all. 

 Ever}' continuance of a nuisance is a 

 fresh nuisance, and a fresh action will 

 lie. 



NUL tiel record, no such record in law, 

 is the replication which the plaintiff 

 makes to the defendant, when the latter 

 pleads a matter of record in bar to the ac- 

 tion, and it is necessary to deny the exist- 

 ence of such record, and to join issue on 

 that fact. 



NUMBER, a collection of several units, 

 or of several things of the same kind, as 

 2, 3, 4, &c. Number is unlimited in re- 

 spect of increase, because we can never 



conceive a number so great, but still there 

 is a greater. However, in respect of de- 

 crease it is limited ; unity being the first 

 and least number, below which therefore 

 it cannot descend. 



NITMBEUS, kinds and distinctions of. Ma- 

 thematicians, considering number under 

 a great many relations, have established 

 the following distinctions. Broken num- 

 bers, are the same with fractions. See 

 ARITHMETIC. Cardinal numbers are those 

 which express the quantity of units, as 



1, 2, 3, 4, &c. ; whereas ordinal num- 

 bers, are those which express order, as 

 1st, 2d, 3d, &c. Compound number, 

 one divisible by some other number be- 

 sides unity; as 12, which is divisible by 



2, 3, 4 and 6. Numbers, as 12 and 15, 

 which Jiave some common measure be- 

 sides unity, are said to be compound num- 

 bers among themselves. Cubic number, 

 is the product of a square number by its 

 root : such is 27, as being the product of 

 the square number 9, by its root 3. All 

 cubic numbers whose root is less than 6, 

 being divided by 6, the remainder is the 

 root itself: thus 27-r-6 leaves the re- 

 mainder 3, its root ; 216, the cube of 6, 

 being divided by 6, leaves no remainder; 

 343, the cube of 7, leaves a remainder 



I, which, added to 6, is the cube root ; 

 and 512, the cube of 8, divided by 6, 

 leaves a remainder 2, which added to 6, 

 is the cube root. Hence the remainders 

 of the divisions of the cubes above 216, 

 divided by 6, being added to 6, always 

 gives the root of the cube so divided, till 

 that remainder be 5, and consequently 



II, the cube root of the number divided. 

 But the cubic numbers above this being 

 divided by 6, there remains nothing, the 

 cube root'being 12. Thus the remainders 

 of the higher cubes are to be added to 

 12, and not to 6 ; till you come to 18, 

 when the remainder of the division must 

 be added to 18 ; and so on ad iiifinitum. 

 From considering this property of the 

 number 6, with regard to cubic num- 

 bers, it has been found that all other 

 numbers, raised to any power whatever, 

 had each their divisor, which had the 

 same effect with regard to them that 6 

 has with regard to cubes. The general 

 rule is this : " If the exponent of the 

 power of a number be even, that is, if 

 that number be raised to the 2d, 4th, 6th, 

 &c. power, it must be divided by 2 ; then 

 the remainder added to 2, or to a multi- 

 ple of 2, gives the root of the number 

 corresponding to its power, that is the 

 2cl, 4th, and root. But if the exponent 

 of the power of the number be uneven, 



