HE 8 



KES 



increases or diminishes at the same rale 

 tiui the distance between the centres of 

 the particles, or atoms, of which it is 

 composed, diminishes or increases ; or, 

 which is the same thing, that the repul- 

 sion between the particles of gaseous bo- 

 dies is always inversely as the distance of 

 their centres from each other. Now the 

 distance between the centres of the 

 atoms of elastic fluids always varies as 

 the cube root of their density, taking the 

 word in its common acceptation. Thus, 

 if the density of air, under the mean pres- 

 sure of the atmosphere, be supposed 1 ; 

 if it be forced into 1 th of its bulk, its 

 density becomes 8. In these two cases 

 we have the distance between the atoms 

 of air inversely as the cube root of 1 to 

 the cube root of 8, or as 1 to 2. So that 

 if air be compressed into 1 th of its bulk, 

 the distance between its particles is re- 

 duced to one half, and of course the re- 

 pulsion between them is doubled. If air 

 be rarified 300 times, we have its density 

 reduced to _l_th of that of common air. 

 Here we have the distance between the 

 atoms of common and the rarified air, as 



3 3 



V 3 : >/ 300, or nearly as 1 : 7. So that 

 when air is rarified 300 times, the dis- 

 tance between its particles becomes al- 

 most seven times greater, and of course 

 their repulsion is diminished almost se- 

 venfold 



RESCUE, or RESCOUS, is the taking 

 away and setting at liberty, against law, 

 any distress taken for rent, or services, or 

 damage feasant ; but the more general 

 notion of rescous is, the forcibly liberating 

 another from an arrest or some legal com- 

 mitment. This is a high offence, and 

 subjects the offender not only to an ac- 

 tion at the suit of the party injured, but 

 likewise to fine and imprisonment at the 

 suit of the king. If goods are distrained 

 Avithout cause, or contrary to law, the 

 owner may make rescue ; but if they are 

 once impounded, even though taken with- 

 out any cause, the owner may not break 

 the pound and take them out, for then 

 they are in custody of the law. 



RESEDA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Dodecanclri* Triginia class and order. 

 Natural order of Miscellanese. Cappa- 

 rides, Jussieu. Essential character : ca- 

 lyx one-leafed, parted ; petals laciniate ; 

 capsule gaping at the mouth, one- celled. 

 There are thirteen species ; none of these 

 plants, except the R. odorata, sweet 

 rtseda, or mignonette, are cultivated in 

 gardens, unless for the sake of variety, 



having little beauty to recommen<. 

 The root of the mignonette is composed 

 of many strong fibns, which run deep 

 into the ground : it has several stems, 

 about a foot long, dividing into man}- small 

 branches ; leaves oblong, of a deep green 

 colour ; the flowers are produced in 

 loose spikes at the ends of the branches, 

 on long foot-stalks, having large calyxes ; 

 the corrollas are of an herbaceous white 

 colour. It is supposed to be a native of 

 Egypt. 



RESIDENCE, is particularly used for 

 the continuance of a parson or vicar on 

 his benefice. By stat. 13 Elizabeth, c. 20, 

 and divers other subsequent statutes, if 

 any beneficed clergyman be absent from 

 his cure above fourscore days in one year, 

 he shall not only forfeit one year's profit 

 of his benefice," to be distributed among 

 the poor of the parish, but all leases made 

 by him of the profits of such benefice, 

 and all covenants and agreements of like 

 nature, shall cease and be void, except 

 in the case of licensee! pluralists, who are 

 allowed to demise the living on which 

 they are non-resident to their curates 

 only. 



RESIDUAL figure, in geometry, the 

 figure remaining after subtracting a lesser 

 from a greater. 



RESIDUAL root, in algebra, a root com- 

 posed of two parts or members, connect- 

 ed together by the sign . Thus oc y 

 is a residual root, so called, because its 

 value is no more than the difference be- 

 tween its parts x and y. 



RESIDUARY Legates, is he to whom 

 the residue of a personal estate is given 

 by will ; and such legatee being made 

 executor with others, shall retain against 

 the rest. If there is no residuary clause 

 in a will, all the property which is not 

 particularly devised goes to the executor, 

 if it is personal ; but, if real, to the heir. 



RESIGNATION, the giving up a bene- 

 fice into the hands of the ordinary. Every 

 person who resigns a benefice must make 

 the resignation to his superior ; as an in- 

 cumbent to a bishop ; a bishop to an arch- 

 bishop ; and an archbishop to the king, 

 as supreme ordinary. 



RESINS. Resinous bodies form a very 

 numerous class of vegetable substances. 

 When volatile oils are exposed to the air, 

 they become thick after a snorter or 

 longer time, and are then found to be 

 converted into a resin. The oil absorbs 

 oxygen from the air, and is deprived of 

 part of its carbon, which combining with 

 the oxygen of the atmosphere, forms car- 

 bonic acid. Resinous substances, there- 



