THE CURRAXT AND GOOSEBERRY. 277 



mainly by seedling production. As a marked instance, 

 the Crandall as sent out seems to have been propagated 

 from seeds, with the result that no two bushes were 

 alike in fruit or habits of bearing. The true Crandall, 

 as propagated from cuttings, is as large as the Black 

 Naples currant of England and wholly free from the 

 peculiar odor of that variety. It is also a remarkable 

 bearer without much attention to pruning. But like all 

 currants the size of the fruit is increased by keeping a 

 supply of young wood for bearing. Another merit of this 

 species is that it will thrive and bear in the South and 

 Southwest, where the summers are too hot for the success- 

 ful growing of the red and English black varieties. By 

 selection and culture we could soon develop varieties of 

 great value for cultivation over a large part of the Union. 



268. The Gooseberry. In all parts of western and 

 eastern Europe a number of varieties are cultivated, larger 

 in size but not better in quality than our selected Ameri- 

 can varieties As yet the eastern European varieties have 

 not been tested in this country. The varieties introduced 

 from England and west Europe have not failed as generally 

 as the foreign grapes. In some sections east of the lakes 

 two or three English varieties are grown commercially, and 

 a number of seedlings with a possible admixture with the 

 native species are grown across the continent. This is 

 specially true of such fine American seedlings as Industry, 

 Triumph, and Chautauqua. 



The American varieties now widely grown, such as 

 Champion, Downing, Houghton, Pale Red, Pearl, and 

 Smith, have been produced by selection and seedling pro- 

 duction, like our American plums, raspberries, and black- 

 berries. In quality they are superior to the European 

 varieties, but as yet they do not equal them in size. As 



