190 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



open fences, made of rough slats or palings, nailed in the common 

 vertical manner, about three inches wide, and a space of a couple 

 of inches left between them. These paling fences are about sixteen 

 feet high, and usually form a double row (on the most exposed side 

 a triple row), round the whole garden. The distance between that 

 on the outer boundary and the next interior one is about four feet 

 The garden is also intersected here and there by tall trellis fences 

 of the same kind, all of which help to increase the shelter, while 

 some of those in the interior serve as frames for training trees 

 upon. 



The effect of this double or triple barrier of high paling is mar- 

 vellous. Although like a common paling, apparently open and per- 

 mitting the wind free passage, yet in practice it is found entirely 

 to rob the gales of their violence, and their saltness. To use Mr. 

 Tudor's words, " it completely sifts the air." After great storms, 

 when the outer barrier will be found covered with a coating of salt, 

 the foliage in the garden is entirely uninjured. It acts, in short, 

 like a rustic veil, that admits just so much of the air, and in such a 

 manner as most to promote the growth of the trees, while it breaks 

 and wards off all the deleterious influences of a genuine ocean 

 breeze so pernicious to tender leaves and shoots. 



Again, regarding the luxuriant growth, which surprised us in a 

 place naturally a sterile gravel, we were greatly struck with the ad- 

 ditional argument which it furnished us with in support of our fa- 

 vorite theory of the value of trenching in this climate. Mr. Tudor 

 has, at incredible labor, trenched and manured the soil of his garden 

 three feet deep. The consequence of this is, that, although it is 

 mainly of a light, porous texture, yet the depth to which it has been 

 stirred and cultivated, renders it proof against the effects of drouth. 

 In the hottest and driest seasons, the growth here is luxuriant, and 

 no better proof can be desired of the great value of thoroughly 

 trenching, as the first and indispensable foundation of all good cul- 

 ture, even in thin and poor soils. 



It is worthy of record, among the results of Mr. Tudor's culture, 

 that, two years after the principal plantation of his fruit-trees was 

 made, he carried off the second prize for pears, at the annual exhi- 

 bition of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, among dozens of 



