THE WORLD REVOLUTION 27 



representing world- wide and fundamental interests in 

 civilization is tending to fall back upon the prime and 

 elemental conditions of force underlying it. 



As the conditions of force governing the struggle 

 have rapidly developed it has become visible how 

 vital, how far-reaching, and how true to type has 

 been the military instinct of labour. The principles 

 of the democratic State from this stage forward 

 begin to be pressed one by one into the background. 

 One of the most effective and hardly won of the 

 instruments of Democracy in recent times for the 

 protection of right against force was the secret 

 ballot in the election of political representatives. 

 At an early stage in its own struggle we see the open 

 ballot in the election of its representatives becoming 

 a characteristic demand in the labour movement. 

 In other leading features the transition of the 

 movement towards principles of ulterior force of 

 the kind which were being worked out elsewhere in 

 military textbooks was rapid. 



The press of the leading countries of the West for 

 several years preceding the outbreak of the great 

 world war of the nations in 1914 presents in this 

 respect a most remarkable spectacle. Its leading 

 organs are to be seen registering the opinion that a 

 new era of civilization was arising under the pre- 

 vailing conditions. Hitherto one of the most 



