21 



similar to it in their structure and appearance. The point 

 where the inflection or doubling inwards of the wall takes place 

 As usually called the angle of inflection. The Bars extend for- 

 wards and inwards towards the apex or point of the frog, ter- 

 minating just before reaching it. The Bars are about the 

 same thickness as the wall is at the quarters, and their greatest 

 depth is about an inch, gradually lessening toward their ter- 

 mination. The bars act as braces or buttresses in forming and 

 supporting the heels of the wall upon which the shoe rests. 

 The wall and bars constitute the boundary of the sole with 

 which they have a strong and intimate union. 



NO ANGLE OF INFLECTION IN A NORMALLY SHAPED FOOT. 



In a normally healthy foot, the inflection, where the bars 

 spring from the wall, is of a rounded rather than an angular 

 form. Whenever the inflection exhibits a strongly marked 

 angular form, I regard it as a departure from the standard or 

 normal shape, induced by a contracted or shrunken quarter. It 

 is the angular form that produces the condition termed Corn. I, 

 therefore, cannot consider the term, angle of inflection, so fre- 

 quently used by writers upon the foot, as correct, if applied to 

 a normally shaped foot. 



Fig. 2. Fig. 3 . 



Figure 2. — A Foot with open heels and rounded inflections. 

 Figure 3. — A Foot with contracted heels and angular inflections. 



THE LAMINATED INTERNAL SURFACE OF THE WALL. 



The entire inner surface of the wall from the lower edge of 

 the coronary concavity to the line of junction of the wall with 

 the sole is covered by a large number of closely set, long, thin, 



