36 STRANGLES 



pus from the bronchial, mesentric or other glands, within or 

 adjacent to the pleura or peritoneal cavities, may give rise to 

 a fatal pleuritis or peritonitis. There seems to be no part of 

 the bod}' free from possible suppurative lesions as a result of 

 metastasis. 



Strangles may become chronic, especially when the nasal 

 catarrh extends into the sinuses of the head, in the guttural 

 pouches, or pharyngeal cavity. In these cases the animal 

 becomes emaciated. The lesions in these cases resemble some- 

 what those of chronic glanders. 



Death from strangles is caused usually by either septi- 

 caemia, pyaemia, pleuritis, peritonitis or suppurating (metas- 

 tatic) pneumonia. 



Many complications are liable to arise. Mixed infections 

 or secondary diseased conditions often occur. The prognosis, 

 however, is favorable. The statistics collected from the Euro- 

 ropean armies show a mortality not exceeding three per cent. 



§ 27. Differential diagnosis. Strangles is to be differ- 

 entiated from: 



(i) Purulent nasal catarrh. In this affection, there is 

 rarely suppurating submaxillary glands although occasionally 

 these glands may be swollen. 



(2) From glanders. In glanders, the tissue changes are 

 more persistent and the skin lesions, if they exist, do not heal 

 as rapidly as in strangles. In chronic cases, the diagnosis is 

 quite difficult. Here animal inoculations must be resorted to. 

 Mice inoculated subcutaneously with the nasal discharge suc- 

 cumb to the streptococcus of strangles but they are resistant 

 to the bacterium of glanders. Guinea pigs inoculated in a 

 like manner will, in case of glanders, develop that disease (§ 

 105) from the lesions of which pure cultures of Bacteruim 

 mallei ma}- be obtained. 



(3) From parotitis. In this affection the swelling is 

 localized and suppuration does not often occur. 



(4) Abscesses due to pyogenic bacteria. The cases are 

 rare where there would be any question as to diagnosis. The 

 bacteriological examination including the inoculation of animals 

 would give positive aid unless the pyogenic organism hap- 



