EQUINE PLEURO-PNEUMONIA 37 



pened to be a virulent streptococcus in which case a differen- 

 tiation might be impossible. 



REFERENCES. 



T. LiGNiERES. The etiology of equine influenza or infectious 

 pneumonia. The Jour, of Conip. path, and Therapeutics Vol. XI (i8g8) 

 p. J12. Translated from Recueil de Med. Vet. Vol. IV. (1897). 



2. Poles Die Mikrokokken der Druse des Pferdes. fort. der. 

 Med. Bd VI (1888) S. 4. 



3. Reeks. Intracranial strangles, abscess in a mare. 77?^ Jour, of 

 Comp. path, and Therap. Vol XII (1899) p 178. 



4. Sand and Jensen. Die Aetiologie der Druse. Deutsche Zeit. 

 fur. Thier Med. Bd. XIII ( 1888) S. 437. 



5. SCHUTZ. Der Streptococcus der Druse der Pferdes. Arch. fur. 

 ThierheilkundeBA.^lV (1888) S. 172. 



EQUINE CONTAGIOUS PLEURO-PNEUMONIA. 



§ 28. Characterization. The disease known as conta- 

 gious pneumonia or contagious pleuropneumonia in the horse 

 is characterized by a high temperature, rapid pulse, but occa- 

 sionally without definite lung disturbances. lyike strangles, 

 both the symptoms and the lesions vary to such a degree that 

 it is difficult to single out diagnostic features. This disease is 

 known in France diS pneumoenteritis and in Germany as Brust- 

 seuche. 



§29. History. In earlier times, influenza and contagious 

 pleuro-pneumonia of the horse were not distinguished as sepa- 

 rate diseases. Falke differentiated the disease formerly known 

 as influenza into contagious pleuro-pneumonia and influenza. 

 Since his time they have been recognized as distinct diseases. 



§ 30. Geographical distribution. Contagious pneu- 

 monia, like strangles, is widely distributed. It appears in epi- 

 zootic form although in certain places it is reported to be almost 

 constantly present. It prevails most extensively where large 

 numbers of horses are congregated. It has frequently been 

 reported as the cause of much trouble among the horses in the 

 European armies. In the eastern part of the United States, it 

 appears from time to time in more or less serious epizootics. 



