MORBID ANATOMY I09 



the size of a man's hand, become, later on, dark red or purple, 

 and soon unite into large irregularly-shaped patches. As a 

 rule, they are neither painful to the touch or prominent, but 

 sometimes they show a slight inflammatory swelling. The 

 skin of the red spots, especially of the ears, may suffer from 

 an eruption of vesicles and may even slough. The reddening 

 of the skin may be very slight in severe cases, or may appear 

 only immediately before, or even after death. Death' takes 

 place usually on the third or fourth day. In the very severe 

 form, the animal may die in twenty-four hours, otherwise the 

 disease requires a week or longer to run its course. 



Jensen considers that this disease, instead of being uni- 

 form in its clinical aspect, manifests itself in the following 

 forms, which differ from each other by well-marked peculiari- 

 ties. He also maintains that there may sometimes be tran- 

 sitional forms between the respective varieties which he enu- 

 merates. The forms recognized as varieties of this disease 

 but more generally considered as distinct maladies and known 

 by different names are as follows : ( i) true erysipelas, (2) swine 

 urticaria, (3) erysipelas without redness of the skin, (4) dif- 

 fuse necrotic erysipelas of the skin, (5) endocarditis of ery- 

 sipelas. Different forms of epizootic erysipelas have also been 

 described by Cornevin, Hess and others. 



§ 94. Morbid anatomy. In the ordinary form of epi- 

 zootic erysipelas there is a septicaemic condition without any 

 well marked morbid changes of separate organs. In less acute 

 cases the septicaemia may give way to haemorrhagic and 

 diphtheritic gastro-enteritis considerable swelling of the lym- 

 phatic system, haemorrhagic or parenchymatous nephritis and 

 hepatitis, acute swelling of the spleen, and myositis. The 

 hemorrhagic gastro-enteritis consists at first of excessive 

 inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach 

 in the region of the fundus. The mucosa shows a dark- 

 red discoloration, which is partly diffuse and partly in 

 spots. The cells suffer from cloudy swelling and the mucous 

 membrane is covered with a viscid layer of mucus and may 

 have superficial scabs. The intestinal mucous membrane is 

 swollen, especially on the top of the folds and in the neighbor- 



