MALLEIN 125 



can remove the causes of error that have been pointed out by 

 experience." For example it would be imprudent to use nial- 

 lein in case of animals already suffering with an abnormal 

 temperature. The further precautions should be taken that 

 the animals subjected to the test are removed as far as possi- 

 ble from atmospheric variations and the influence of strong 

 sun light, fog, rain and air currents. If it be true that 

 majority of horses are not susceptible or nearly so, to these 

 influences, there are still some that are afTected by them. So 

 that a rise of 1.5 or 2 degrees in temperature would not neces- 

 sarily indicate a reaction. Again, it must not be forgotten 

 that certain diseases, strangles for instance, produce frequently 

 great daily variations in the temperature, therefore, when 

 there is reason to believe in the presence of a disease of this 

 kind, it is necessary to make sure that the increase of tempera- 

 ture consequent on injection of mallein is persistent, and that 

 the organic reaction is clearl}' present. 



The question ari.ses whether animals found by the help of 

 mallein to be glandered ought to be immediately slaughtered ? 

 Xocard says no. The experience of the last few years goes to 

 prove that among the animals that react there are some which, 

 when removed from the infected center and thereby withdrawn 

 from all chance of new contamination, recover. "We ought 

 therefore, ' ' he continues, ' 'to confine ourselves to the destruction 

 of those which in addition to the reaction, present some clinical 

 indication of the disease, such as ulceration of the nose, indu- 

 rated glands, suppurative lymphangitis, sarcocele or other pro- 

 nounced manifestation of the disease. The animals not showing 

 physical signs of affection must simply be removed from among 

 the healthy horses and subjected from time to time, say every 

 two months, to the mallein test. If any of these should 

 eventually show the clinical signs of glanders they ought to be 

 slaughtered at once. On the other hand, those animals which 

 have stood two successive doses of mallein without reacting 

 ought to be considered definitely cured, restored to their places 

 and put to the free disposal of the owners." 



The views of Nocard are not universally entertained in this 

 country. It has been shown repeatedly that a good reaction, fol- 



