OR CANINE MADNESS. 231 



the tongue : if the fraBnulum be present, that portion is not in any 

 degree particularly swollen or red ; and if it have been extracted, 

 the general appearances are exactly the same. This will be fur- 

 ther pursued under the head Worming of Dogs ; but it is of much 

 consequence, that this invariable similarity in morbid appearance 

 between the wormed and the unwormed dog, be especially noted. 

 The colour of the tongue betrays the intensity of the inflammation 

 which has pervaded it, varying from a dark red to a deep purple ; 

 a yellow central line sometimes presenting, and occasionally 

 bounding its edges. The fauces and tonsils never escape the in- 

 flammatory attack, and the insatiable thirst that is generally found 

 present may be attributed to the want of the lubricating mucus 

 usually secreted by it. 



The whole extent of the pharyngeal and laryngeal cavities is 

 mostly beset with discoloured spots ; but a distinct inflammatory 

 patch about the angle of the larynx, at the back of the epiglottis, 

 is so invariably present, as to deserve the character of one of the 

 criteria of the disease. The epiglottis and rima glottis are also 

 commonly enveloped with an inflammatory tinge, which, now and 

 then, extends a little way within the trachea, but less frequently is 

 the oesophagus aff'ected with it. Proceeding onwards, we invariably 

 meet with an extension of the morbid inflammation to the thoracic 

 and abdominal viscera : but by no means are these cavities always 

 affected in an equal degree ; on the contrary, in those instances 

 where there has been a greater tendency to the raging variety, 

 the thoracic viscera are usually more diseased than the bowels or 

 stomach. Not only are the lungs themselves, in these cases, found 

 highly inflamed, but the costal pleura and diaphragm are afl^ected 

 also. Sometimes one thoracic cavity is found more highly con- 

 gested than the other ; and, now and then, the mediastinum, peri- 

 cardium, and even the heart itself, in cases of great rabid inten- 

 sity, are found so likewise. 



When the abdominal viscera are examined, they almost inva- 

 riably present marks of a full share of the morbid affection. If 

 the dog has been destroyed early in the disease, these may not be 



