TOOLS FOR RIDGING 



The inside should also be lined with sheet iron 6 or 8 inches above 

 the 1-8 by 2 inch piece, and should have sheet iron pieces extending 

 16 inches beyond the rear end of the sides, tapered and braced in 

 the manner shown in the cut, for the purpose of making the 



Use of homemade ridger, orange orchard of A. D. Bishop, 

 Orange County, Cal. 



ridger firmer at the top. Every part of the ridger should be 

 firmly bolted with 3-8 inch bolts, except the 1-8 by 2 inch iron, 

 which should have 3-16 inch bolts, and the sheet iron, which may be 

 put on with nails. The hooks on sides for hitching draft chain 

 are 3-8 by 1 1-2 inches, and the draft chain is 3-8 inch cable chain. 



The V-shaped Crowder or Ditcher. This has sides of 2 by 12 

 inch pine and cross-brace of 2 by 9 inch pine. The long side is 

 7 feet 8 inches long and short side 3 feet 6 inches long. This is 

 also protected by a piece of steel or iron extending entirely around 

 the ditcher and bolted with 3-16 inch bolts. The sides come 

 together in a point and stand at an angle of 45 degrees. The brace 

 is placed 2 feet 10 inches from the point on short side and 3 feet 

 10 inches from the point on long side. It also has two handles, 

 as shown in cut, 3 feet long. These are made of 2 by 3 inch pine 

 reduced so as to hold conveniently. The sloping handle is bolted 



