236 CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



VARIETIES OF APPLES CHIEFLY GROWN IX 

 CALIFORNIA 



Of the hundreds of varieties tested in California comparatively 

 few are now grown, as has already been suggested. Those named 

 below have been reported by growers as succeeding in localities 

 named with the description, or indicated in the table which will 

 follow. The descriptions of the standard sorts are, in the main, 

 condensed from Downing,* with local notes interpolated when 

 thought necessary. The arrangement is, approximately in the 

 order of ripening. 



Carolina Red June (Southern). Medium size oval, irregular, inclined to 

 conic ; deep red covered with light bloom ; stalk in small cavity ; calyx closed ; 

 flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid ; core rather large. 



Early Harvest (American). Medium size, roundish; straw color with few 

 faint white dots ; stalk half to three-fourths inch, slender, set in moderate 

 cavity; calyx in shallow basin; flesh very white, tender, crisp, pleasant. 



Early Strawberry (New York). Medium size, roundish, narrowing towards 

 the eye; skin smooth, deep red on yellow ground; stalk one and a half inches, 

 rather slender and uneven, in deep cavity ; calyx small, in shallow basin ; flesh 

 white, tinged with red next the skin, tender, subacid, sprightly. 



Red Astracan (Russian). Large roundish; skin deep red, save greenish 

 yellow in the shade ; pale white bloom ; stalk short, and deeply inserted ; calyx 

 partially closed and set in slight basin; flesh white, juicy and crisp, pleasant 

 acid ; tree hardy and vigorous, and an early bearer. The main reliance in 

 California for an early apple. 



White Astracan (Russian). Large, roundish; skin smooth and nearly 

 white, with faint streaks of red, and covered with white bloom; flesh white. 

 Considerably grown in the Sacramento Valley and foot-hills for early ship- 

 ment. Sometimes attains a weight of 29 ounces. Excellent in the Modesto 

 district of the San Joaquin valley. 



Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian). Large, roundish, oblate; yellow, streaked 

 with red; calyx large, nearly closed, set in wide, even hollow; flesh juicy, 

 subacid. 



Gravenstein (German). Large, rather flattened; a little one-sided or 

 angular ; broadest at base ; stalk short, strong, deeply set ; calyx large, closed, 

 in a large basin ; skin yellow, freely marked with light and deep red and 

 orange ; flesh tender, crisp, highly flavored, aromatic ; a strong-growing and 

 heavily-bearing tree ; a standard fall apple in this State. 



- Red Bietigheimer (German). Large to very large, oblate, slightly conical, 

 regular; smooth, whitish or yellowish white, shaded with light and dark red, 

 and purplish crimson in the sun; stalk short, rather stout; calyx closed in 

 large, deep, slightly corrugated basin ; flesh white, firm, juicy, brisk subacid. 



Maiden's Blush (New Jersey). Rather large, smooth, regular; yellow, 

 with evenly shaded red cheek ; stalk short, in rather wide, deep hollow ; calyx 

 closed in moderate depression ; flesh white, tender, sprightly. 



Fall Pippin. Very large, roundish, a little flattened; stalk three-fourths 

 inch, projecting considerably beyond the fruit (which distinguishes it from 

 the Holland Pippin) ; calyx open, not very large, rather deeply sunk in round, 

 narrow basin ; skin smooth, yellowish green, becoming pure yellow ; brownish 

 blush and few scattered dots ; flesh white, tender, mellow, rich, aromatic 



Alexander (Russian). Very large, showy, conical, greenish yellow, streaked 

 with red in shade, bright red in the sun ; calyx large, in deep basin ; stalk 



* "Downing's Fruit and Fruit' Trees of America." John Wiley & Sons, New 

 York. 



