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CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



Purple Cornichon; syn. Black Cornichon. "Vine a heavy grower, with 

 thick, light brown, short-jointed wood ; leaves large, longer than wide, deeply 

 five-lobed, dark green above, and lighter and very hairy below, coarsely toothed, 

 and with short, thick petiole ; bunches very large, loose, on long peduncles ; 

 berries large, long, more or less curved, darkly colored and spotted, thick- 

 skinned, and on long pedicels. Desirable on account of its attractive appear- 

 ance, curious shape, excellent shipping qualities, and late ripening." Bioletti. 



White Cornichon. Resembles Purple Cornichon in shape and flavor, but 

 has very thin and tender skin, which makes it better for the table, but poorer 

 for shipping. Leaves not deeply cut ; smooth on both sides. 



Emperor. "Vine a strong, vigorous grower; leaves very large, with five 

 shallow lobes, short, obtuse teeth, glabrous above, woolly beneath, light green in 

 color; bunches very large, long, conical, loose, with large, dull purple, oval, 

 firm berries." Bioletti. An excellent shipping grape, largely grown by R. B. 

 Blowers, of Woodland, Yolo County, by whom its merits were first announced. 

 Pronounced unsatisfactory because of irregular setting and non-ripening in 

 localities near the coast in northern California, and generally condemned in 

 southern California. Seems best adapted to interior situations and is chiefly 

 grown for shipping in the San Joaquin valley. 



Black Ferrara.A large black grape; large bunches; berries cling well to 

 the stem, thick-skinned, flavor superior. An excellent local market variety 

 and long-distance shipper. 



Gros Colman; syn. Dodrelabi. "Vine strong-growing, with dark brownish 

 wood ; leaves very large, round, thick, very slightly lobed, shortly and bluntly 

 toothed, glabrous above, close-woolly below ; bunches large, short, well filled, 

 but not compact; berries very large, round, dark blue, with thick but tender 

 skin. Remarkable as having the largest berries of any round berry variety 

 known, and is probably the handsomest black table grape grown. The grapes 

 have good keeping qualities, except that they are liable to crack." Bioletti. 



Black Morocco. "Vine a strong grower, with thin, spreading canes; leaves 

 under medium size, very deeply five-lobed, even when very young, the younger 

 leaves truncate at base, giving them a semicircular outline, with long, sharp 

 teeth alternating with very small ones, glabrous on both sides ; bunches very 

 large, short, shouldered, and compact; berries very large, round, often angular 

 from compression, fleshy, of neutral flavor, dull purple color or colorless in 

 the center of the bunch. Remarkable for the number of second-crop bunches 

 which it produces on the laterals. Late in ripening and of very fine appear- 

 ance ; a fairly good shipping grape, but difficult to pack on account of the size 

 and rigidity of the bunches. The grapes are of an agreeable crispness, but 

 lacking in flavor." Bioletti. Vine quite subject to root knot. 



Verdal; Aspiran Blanc. "Vine of medium vigor and rather hardy ; canes 

 somewhat slender and half erect; leaves of average size, glabrous on both sur- 

 faces, except below near the axils of the main nerves, sinuses well marked 

 and generally closed, giving the leaf the appearance of having five holes ; teeth 

 long, unequal, and somewhat acuminate ; bunches large to very large, irregular 

 long-conical, without any or with small shoulders, well-filled to compact ; berries 

 yellowish-green, large to very large, crisp, with thick but tender skin, agreeable, 

 but without marked flavor." Bioletti. Largely grown as a late table grape; 

 in good condition ; in some regions as late as November. 



Almeria. "Vine vigorous; leaves of medium size, round and slightly or not 

 at all lobed, quite glabrous on both sides, teeth obtuse and alternately large and 

 small ; bunches large, loose or compact, irregular conical ; berries from small to 

 large, cylindrical, flattened on the ends, very hard and tasteless." Bioletti. _ The 

 grape cultivated at the University experiment stations under this name is one 

 of the several varieties which are shipped in such large quantities from Malaga 

 and Almeria packed in sand or cork-dust. The grapes ripen late and attain 

 about 20.0 per cent of sugar. They have remarkable keeping qualities. Vine 

 needs long pruning, and is only adapted to hot, interior situations. 



