BLIGHTS AND DECAYS 



581 



winter use. It is sometimes a satisfactory curl-leaf preventive in the 

 interior valleys especially. 



Toadstool Destruction. Trees are often destroyed through in- 

 vasion by toadstool fungi from the decaying roots or wood with 

 which their roots come in contact. The injury is often not detected 

 until the tree is ruined and it is too late for treatment. If only part 

 is affected, the disease may .sometimes be arrested by cutting away 

 the diseased parts and disinfection of the exposed tissue with the 

 Bordeaux Mixture. 



Moss, Lichens, etc., on the Bark. It has been clearly shown by 

 investigation at the University Experiment Station that the growth 

 of moss, etc., upon the bark of fruit trees is a decided injury. All 

 trees should be assisted to maintain clean, healthy bark. This is 

 accomplished by the use of the lime, salt and sulphur mixture al- 

 ready prescribed for scale insects. It can also be done by winter 

 spraying with caustic soda or potash, one pound to six gallons of 

 water. 





A 



I 





Effect upon the nuts of the bacterial blight of walnuts. 



Blights and Decays. There are several blights which are trace- 

 able to bacteria, parasitic growths which are not discernible as are 

 the fungi, and not usually amenable to spray treatment, because 

 they exist wholly within the tissues of the plant and are not reached 

 by applications. The blights of the pear, the black heart of the apn- 



