30 CANADIAN DAIRYING. 



may be changed to warm, sweet skim-milk. Add a 

 little ground oats or ground flax-seed to the milk as 

 soon as the calf can digest this food. Some nice 

 clover hay, dry bran and oats, mixed in equal quanti- 

 ties by weight, and a few roots in winter should be 

 given to the calf at an early age. The calf should be 

 kept clean and dry, and should remain in the stable 

 during the hot, cold, or stormy weather of the first sum- 

 mer. She should be kept thrifty, but not fat. When 

 sixteen to twenty months old, she may be bred. The 

 heifer should be in good condition when freshening, 

 but the calf should not, as a rule, be raised for dairy 

 purposes. She requires gentle and patient handling 

 in order to develop a kind disposition and dairy 

 qualities. The first lactation period should last for 

 at least ten months, in order to establish the milking 

 habit. Her second freshening should take place in 

 from twelve to fifteen months after the first. If at 

 the end of the second lactation period she does not 

 attain to the standard of 6,000 pounds of milk, or 

 250 pounds of butter, she may be considered as not 

 worthy a place in the herd. By weighing and testing 

 the milk from each cow in the herd, at least once a 

 month, and weeding out the unprofitable cows, a 

 marked improvement in the dairy herds of Canada 

 would soon be noticed. Breed, Feed, Weed the 

 triple servants of the dairyman. 



CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE DAIRY HERD. 



Dairy animals must be treated kindly. No one can 

 hope' to succeed in the dairy business who neglects 



