Arundo 



Ash, Mountain 



Other Species and Varieties : 



anct'ps, G' to 8', hdy. chiku of Japan and 



uristata, 8' to 12'. Bainbusa gramiuea). 



auiicoma. H' to 4', hdy. humilis, 3' to 4', hdy. (*//. 



(/. Bambusa For- Fortuuei of gardens). 



tunci aurea of gardens macrosperma tecta, 3' to 



and B. Maximo wiczii 4', hdy. 



of gardens in part). Maximowiczii (.w auri- 



hrysautha, :i' to 4', hdy. coma aud Simoui varie- 



ty". Bambusa chrys- gata). 



antlm). metalhca, 2.V to 3', lialf- 



Fortunei compacta, fi" to hdv. 



12", grh. nohilis, 8' to 10', hdy. 



Hindsii graminea, U' to puniila, 12" to 18", hdy. 



IV (xyiif. Taimiu- (xyn. Bambusa pumila 



of gardens). 



ARUNDO. (REED.) 



Description. Noble hardy or nearly hardy plants 

 (ord. Graminea;), very ornamental on grass, by the 

 waterside, or for sub-tropical gardening. They are 

 also decorative in large conservatories. When in 

 bloom they are especially fine with their tall spikes 

 of feathery plumes. 



Propagation. By division or by seeds in spring. 

 They may also be propagated by putting the stems 

 in water ; rooted plants spring from the joints. 



Soil. Although the Arundo grows in any good 

 soil, it ought to have a rather damp place to 

 display its true character. 



Other Cultural Points. Arundo Donax is re- 

 puted to be hardier than the Pampas Grass, but 

 that is not the universal experience. Conspicua is 

 less hardy than Donax, and ought to be protected 

 in winter except in gardens in the south. Where 

 any doubt exists it is safer to cover the stools with 

 ashes or dry litter. 



Principal Species : 



conspicua, 8', Aug., silky wh. A splendid plant, 

 with fine panicles of great beauty. 



Donax, 12', Aug., reddish, passing off wh. The 

 Great Keed. A handsome plant. The form versi- 

 color has its leaves prettily striped with wh. It is 

 much dwarfer, and seldom exceeds 3' or 4' in height. 



madagascariensis, 12' to 18', a grh. species of 

 .much beauty. 



mauritanica, 12', grh. 



ASAFCETIDA. 



The medicinal gum so well known for its dis- 

 agreeable odour is obtained chiefly from Narthex 



asafcetida. 



ASARUM. 



Hardy and greenhouse herbaceous perennials 

 (ord. Aristolochiacese). They make curious and 

 not unattractive rockery plants. Propagated by 

 division of the roots in spring. Equal parts of 

 loam and leaf soil, with sand. 



Principal Species : 

 canaclonse, 1', Je., br. caudatum, Jy.. hr. red. 



Other Species : 



albivenium, gru. pur. macranthum, br.. yel., 



uifoliam, 1', Je., br. grh., pur. 



eurouii'um, 1', My., br. parviflorum, pur., gni. 



geophilum, 9", Nov.,grh., Thunliergii, 6", My., pur. 



]""' virginicum, 1', My., br. 



ASCLEPIAS. (SWALLOW-WORT.) 



Description. A genus of distinct-looking and 

 valuable hardy or tender perennial plants (ord. 

 Asclepiadeic) of considerable beauty and interest 

 in the garden. There are upwards of eighty species. 



Propagation. In the case of the hardy species, 

 by division of the roots in spring, or by seeds 



Ascaricida (sec Vi'rnonia). 



sown under glass at the same season or when ripe. 



The stove species are propagated by division in 



! spring ; by cuttings struck in a moderate heat at 



j that season and covered with a bellglass ; or by 



j seeds, also sown in heat. 



Soil. The hardy Asclepiases thrive best in a 

 soil composed of peat, with a little sand, or a light, 

 rich loam, with the addition of some leaf soil. The 

 stove species should have fibrous loam, with a 

 good proportion of leaf mould added. 



Other Cultural Points. Some of the species are 

 true marsh plants, or have their habitats in moist 

 soil. Others like dry ground. Of the former may 

 be named lanceolata, rubra, pulchra, Sullivantii, 

 speciosa, and perennis ; the others appreciate a 

 drier situation. Many should have a little protec- 

 tion in winter, such as ashes over the crowns. 



Principal Species : 



Cornutii, 4', Jy., pur. A pretty border plant with 

 fragrant pale-coloured blooms (syn. syriaca). 



curassavica, 3', Jy., or. sc. A distinct st. plant, 

 the wli. variety, alba, being pretty to associate 

 with it. 



incarnata, 2', Jy., red. A nice plant for a wet 

 border or an artificial bog, in the drier parts. 



tuberosa, 2', Jy., etc., or. The most brilliant of 

 the border species. It is rather troublesome to 

 establish, and ought to have a dry place, with a 

 little covering in winter in cold districts. 



Other Species : 

 atrosanguinea aurea, 3', pulchra, 3', Jy., red (now 



Jy., at., red. incarnata pulchra). 



decumbens,2' , Jy. ,or. (now purpurascens,2J ' , Jy . ,pur. 



tuberosa decumbeiis). quadrifolia, 1', Jy., wh. 



j lanceolata, 3', Jy., wh. rubra, 1J', Jy., red (tyii. 



mexicana, 2{', Jy., grh., acuminata). 



wh. speciosa, 2J', Jy., pur. 



perennis, 3', Jy., wh. Sullivantii," 3', Jy., pur. 



phytolaccoides, 3', Jy., variegata, 3J', Jv., wh. 



pur. verticillata, 2', Jy., wh. 



ASCYRUM. 



Herbs and sub-shrubs (ord. Hypericinea;) with 

 black-dotted leaves and yellow flowers. Allied to 

 Hypericum. They are not quite hardy, and pro- 

 tection during winter is necessary. Propagated 

 liy division of the roots in spring, and by seeds. 

 Peat, leaf soil, and sand in equal quantities. 



Principal Species : 



Crux-Andrea?, 2', Jy., yel. This is the hardiest 

 of all the species. 



Other Species : 



amplexicaule, 2', Jy.,yel. pumilum, 1', Jy., yel. 

 hypericoides, 2', Aug., yel. stans, 2', Aug., yel. 



ASH. 



Well-known deciduous timber trees of consider- 

 able beauty. The wood is white, straight-grained, 

 very tough and elastic. It is much used by wheel- 

 wrights, and in the makirig of horticultural and 

 agricultural implements. When cut back every 

 six or seven years Ash forms a useful covert plant. 

 Beautiful as the Ash is when in leaf, it is an un- 

 desirable tree to have in the garden, as the mat of 

 fibrous roots takes possession of every inch of soil 

 within reach. For species and varieties see Frax- 

 inus. 



ASH, MOUNTAIN. 



The Mountain Ash, or Rowan tree (nee aim 

 1'yrus), is a very beautiful tree with white flowers 

 followed by scarlet berries in large bunches. Its 

 botanical name is Pyrus Aucuparia. It can 1 

 grown in any soil and is very ornamental. The 

 form fructu-luteo has yellow fruit, fastigiata is of 



