Budding 



( 143 ) 



Budding 



which to bud, though the De la Griffieraic and 

 Manetti are also extensively employed. Of fruit 

 trees, the Apple is worked on the Crab, Free, and 

 Paradise stocks ; and the Pear on the Quince and 

 Pear stocks. The Cherry is budded on the Gean 

 and seedling llorello stocks, for general purposes; 



SHIELD BUDDING. 



A Shoot of current year's growth, with buds : a, buds ; 6, 

 leaf stem ; c, how to cut out the bud. B Bud cut out : 

 d, top cut oil' after insertion to make level with cut in 

 stock. C Inside (are of bud after removal of pith: e, 

 growing germ. D Stock : /, horizontal cut ; g, vertical 

 cut. E Bud iiisfit'-'l :md pressed home: h, bud; /.leaf 

 stem. F Bud tied in with soft cotton, raphia, or worsted. 



but the Mahaleb stock is used for trees intended 

 for pot or restricted culture. Peaches and 

 Nectarines are worked on the Almond, Mussel, 

 St. Julien, and Myrobalan stocks, as is the Apricot ; 

 the St. Julien being employed for standards, and 

 the dwarfing Jlyrobalan for trained trees. The 

 Plum stock is the natural stock for the Plum, 

 though certain forms, such as the Mussel, White 

 Pear, and St. Julien, are the favourites, and are 

 generally employed. Budding is generally per- 

 formed in July or August, when the bark rises 

 freely, the latter being a very essential point in 

 successful budding, as bruised or lacerated bark 

 spells failure. Dull, cloudy weather is the most 

 favourable ; in bright weather the early morning, 

 before the sun's power is very great, should 

 be chosen, as undue heat and dryness are inimi- 

 cal. Quickness in operating, and dealing with 

 one bud at a time, are obviously advantageous. 

 A supply of broad strands of raphia, a little damp 

 moss in the bottom of a pail, and a sharp, ivory- 

 handled budding knife, are practically all that a 

 budder requires, though a supply of labels on which 

 to record the date of budding may also be added. 

 There are several different modes of budding, but 

 the OIK; generally practised is the T or inverted 

 J. method, either of which is equally suitable, 

 though many shrewd budders declare in favour of the 

 latter. In preparing the stock, carefully rub off the 

 prickles from the part of the branch selected for 

 operating on, which should be the upper surface, 

 and near the junction of the branch with the 

 stem for standards, close to the soil for dwarfs, 

 and make a cut about 1" long, being careful 

 not to penetrate deeper than the bark. Jlake 

 another transverse cut, so that the two cuts form 

 the letter T ; then with the sharp knife blade 

 inserted J" below the selected bud make a clean, 

 even cut, bringing out the knife about 5" 

 beyond the bud, the cut at no time extending 

 deeper than the beginning of the pith. Holding the 

 detached bud by its leaf-stalk firmly in the left 

 hand, gently insert the point of the knife between the 



wood and the bark, until the former can be nipped 

 between the point of the knife and the finger and 

 thumb, then with a gentle pressure remove the 

 wood with an upward motion. Next, carefully 

 cut away all the leaf with the exception of J" 

 of its footstalk, which should be held in the left 

 hand. The bark of the shoot should be gently 

 raised with the handle of the knife held in the 

 right hand, and the bud inserted beneath the 

 bark and pressed home. Care should be used 

 not to injure the bark in raising it or in inserting 

 the edge of the bud beneath it, and in ensuring 

 that the upper end of the bud fits closely against 

 the undisturbed bark at the top of the T. 

 Close the bark carefully over the bud after it is 

 placed in position, and bind the whole of the 

 slit portion moderately firm with the broad strips 

 of raphia, taking care that the bud itself is left 

 uncovered. The quicker the whole operation is 

 performed the greater the chance of success. 

 (Should any hitch occur in any shape or form, the 

 bud should be laid on the damp moss in the pail, 

 and a little moss also applied to the cut bark while 

 matters are set right, as thereby the drying 

 of the tender tissues will be avoided. In about 

 three weeks' time the buds should be examined, 

 and the ties removed if it is seen that the bud has 

 taken well. If any doubt is felt upon this head, a 

 fresh tie may be given, which may be allowed to 

 remain until spring, or removed at discretion. At. 

 the turn of the year the branch on which the bud 

 is inserted may be shortened to half its length. 



VARIOUS FOKMS OF BUDDING. 



G Inverted shield buckling : ;, transverse cut : *, longitudinal 

 incision, preferably below fa bud ; /, point of cutting 

 across bud after insertion so as to exactly join the section 

 j of the stock. This mode of budding is preferred for the 

 propagation of the Orange in the south of France, and is 

 good generally. H Square shield budding : m, square 

 ]>atch of bark cut out of a stem or branch ; n, correspond- 

 ing patch of liark with an eye for inserting in that of stem 

 or branch m, the parts fitting exactly. Square shield bud- 

 ding is sometimes adopted for spring budding to secure 

 growths at desired places, as in the case of bare slems or 

 branches. I Flute budding : o, cylinder of bark taken off 

 top of stock: p, prepared cylinder of bark with buds made 

 to lit the bark of the stock at the lower part, thus fitting 

 like the top of a flute. Walnuts, and other thick-barked 

 HITS, are propagated in France by this mode. If 

 the ring is too large for the stock, a longitudinal strip 

 should be cut out; and if too narrow, a strip to make 

 good the deficiency must lie inserted if with a bud all the 

 better. J Annular budding : q, ring of bark taken oft' 

 from the stock : r, ring of bark taken olf from a scion of 

 the variety to be budded in, and having at least one or 

 two buds. II must lit exactly on the space a. K Square 

 building with a dormant bud in spring, showing the 



exact fitting nf tli l^-i-s of the larks, and applicable to 



square shield budding. L Inlaying a bud in Vine: , 

 place from which a bud has Ijeen taken or a pi'Mli-in 

 similarly prepared for placing one ; t, bud inserted in th- 

 stock. The buds, in all cases, should be secured \\ilh 

 ligatures si i that the inner Irark <>( the buds rests closely 

 on the alburnum ur outer layer of wood of the stock. 



