Celtis 



( 190 ) 



Centranthus 



cretica, 4', Jy., hlf-hdy. bien., yel.' Effective 

 for flower borders in sum. and for pots in the grh. 

 (syn. Verbascum lyratum). 



Other Species : 

 betoniccefolia, 2', Aug., hetcrophylla, 4', Jy.,hdy. 



bien., yel. Man., yel. 



bugulifolia, 1', Jy., hdy. lanceolata, A , Jy., Iilf- 



per., yel.,br. hdy. bien., yel. 



coromandelina, 4', Jy., orieutalis, 3', Jy., bay. 



st. ami., yel. aiin., br., yel. 



CELTIS. 



This genus (ord. Urticacese) includes hardy 

 deciduous and stove evergreen shrubs and trees. 

 They will thrive in any fertile soil, and may be 

 propagated by seeds, layers, and autumn cuttings. 

 Some of the hardy species are ornamental, but the 

 tropical ones are of little value. 



Principal Species : 

 crassifolia (see Occident- occidentalis, 20', Ap., 



alis). g. , 



davidiana, 20', Ap., grn. purmla, 8 , Je., grn. 



Other Species : 



Stove Evergreen : 

 aculeata, 10', Je., grn. australis, 30', My., gru. 



Hardy Deciduous : 

 mississippiensis, 20', Ap., sinensis, 12', My., grn. 



grn. 



CENIA. 



A genus of about nine species of little-known 

 plants (ord. Composite) of small garden value, 

 related to Anthemis. The greater number are 

 hardy annuals. The only one which has been in 

 cultivation is turbinata (iyn. pruinosa), which 

 grows from 6" to 12" high, and has yellow or white 

 flowers. Sandy soil. 



CENTAUREA. (CENTAUEY, CORNFLOWER, 

 STAR THISTLE, and SWEET SULTAN.) 



A large genus of hardy or half-hardy perennial, 

 biennial, or annual flowers (ord. Composite), some 

 of which are of no value, but many others of great 

 beauty and effect in the garden, or useful for cut 

 flowers. The favourite, Cyanus, the annual Corn- 

 flower, is of much value for bouquets, and other 

 purposes for which cut blooms are in demand. 

 Many of the tall perennials are prized for striking 

 effect, and the varieties of montana are of great 

 usefulness. Unless otherwise stated, those named 

 are perennials and hardy ; they include all the 

 best in cultivation. The perennials are propagated 

 by seeds or division ; the annuals and biennials by 

 seeds sown either in the open or in pans or boxes 

 in slight heat, afterwards pricked out, and hardened 

 off before planting outside. Any good garden soil. 

 Some of the taller species for the bonier will need 

 staking to prevent them from being blown down by 

 the wind. 



Principal Species : 



Annuals : 



Cyanus (Cornflower), 3', Jy., etc. An indispens- 

 able hdy. ann., of which there are a number of 

 colours and shades, the bl. being as useful as 

 any. There are dwarf strains, and others with 

 semi-double flowers. 



depressa, !', Jy., bl. Desirable on account of 

 its habit being dwarfer than the preceding. 



Moschata, 2', Jy., pur. The Sweet Sultan. There 

 is a darker coloured var. known as atropur|mrra, 

 and a wh. called alba. Some consider the next 



species a var. of Moschata (syn. Amberboa Mos- 

 chata). 



odorata, li', Jy-, yel. The popular, sweetly 

 scented Sweet Sultan. There is also a wh. var. 

 sometimes known as Margarita. 



Perennials : 



aurea, 2', Jy., yel. A pretty border plant. 



babylonica, 6', Jy., yel. A conspicuous border or 

 wild-garden plant. 



Cineraria, 3', Jy., hlf-hdy., pur. Better known 

 as Cineraria candidissima, and grown for its silvery 

 foliage. 



Clementei, 3', Jy., yel. An effective border plant. 



dealbata, 2', Jy., pur. Neat and pleasing. 



glastifolia, 4', Jy., yel. A tall per. of much char- 

 acter. 



macrocephala, 4', Jy., yel. An effective plant for 

 the border or the centre of a bed. Large Thistle- 

 like heads of bright yel. flowers. 



montana, 2', Jy., bl. A most valuable plant, of 

 which there are vars. with wh., creamy wh., and 

 red flowers. 



Other Species : 



alba, 2', Jy., wh. orientalis, 21', Jy., pale 



titropurpurea, 3', Jy., yel. 



pur. pulchra, 1', Aug., lilf- 



caldtrapoides, 1', Je., hdy., pur. 



pur. ragusiua, 2', Je., yel. ; 



enophora, 1', Aug., yel. Ivs. silvery, 



gymuocarpa, 1J', Aug., rutheuica, 3 , Jy., pale 



hlf-hdy., pur." yel. 



Jacea, IV, Jy., pur. rutifolia, 3', Jy., red. 



CENTOTHECA. 



Indian Grasses (ord. Gramineoe), needing a stove 

 temperature. Lappacea may be grown in loam and 

 leaf mould, but it is of little horticultural value. 



Principal Species : 



lappacea, 1J', Jy., ann., grn. 



CENTRADENIA. 



A small genus '(ord. Melastomacese) of Central 

 American evergreens that must be grown in the 

 cool stove or intermediate house. They succeed 

 well in fibrous peat and loam with coarse sand, 

 and may be increased by cuttings inserted in sandy 

 soil beneath a bell-glass over bottom heat during 

 early spring. 



Principal Species : 



divaricata, H', My., wh. inoequilateralis, 1', Ap., 

 floribuuda, ft', Jy., pale ro. wh. (.//. rosea). 



red. oviita, 1', My., pk. 



grandifolia, H', Sep., pk. 



CENTRANTHUS. (VALERIAN.) 

 Effective hardy herbaceous or annual plants 

 (ord. Valeriancic), which are useful for borders, 

 rockwork, or old walls. The flowers are in rather 

 large heads, and the perennial, ruber, is very 

 showy. The annuals and perennials are propa- 

 gated by seeds, sown either in the open ground or 

 in a frame in March ; the perennials by division 

 in spring or autumn. If required on walls, the 

 seeds should be sown in crevices and covered with 

 a little stiff soil. Any common garden soil. 



Principal Species : 



macrosiphon, 2', Jy., Jy. , etc, red. A very 

 bright red. A showy effective hdy. per., of 



hdy. ami. The var. which there are several 



albus has nice wh. forms, including one 



flowers. albus with wh. flowers 



ruber (Red Valerian), 2J', (.v. Valeriana ruhra). 



Centawidum (see Xanthiima). 



