Cratseva 



( 248 ) 



Cress (Water) 



tomentosa, 20', My., wh. 

 (si/in, elliptica, Hal- 

 mia tomentosa, and 

 Mespilus tomentosa). 



texana (see inollis). 



trilobata (see viridis). 



turbiuata (see flava). 



urasina (see mollis). 



yersicolor (see nigra). 



virginica (see spathulata). 



viridis, lit', My., wh., grn. 

 berries (SIJHS. a]>iit'olia, 

 arborescens, and trilo- 

 bata). 



purpurea (see sanguiuea) . 



rivularis (see Douglasii). 



sanguiiiea, 15', My., wh., 

 criin. berries (syns. pur- 

 purea altaica and 

 spinosissima) . 



schraderiaua (see orient- 

 alls). 



spathulata, 15', My., wh. 

 (xyns. microcarpa, vir- 

 ginica, Cotoneaster 

 spathulata, and Mes- 

 pilus spathulata). 



spiuosissima (we sau- 

 guinea). 



CRATSEVA. 



Stove evergreen trees (ord. Capparidese) that 

 thrive in rich loam with peat and sand. They 

 may be propagated from cuttings under a bell- 

 glass over bottom heat. 



Principal Species : 



gynandra, 10', My., wh. religiosa, 14', My., wh. 

 The bark of the root of (/. Roxburghii). 



this plant blisters like Roxburghii (see religiosa). 



Cantharideb. " Garlic Tapia, 30', My., wh. 



Pear." tapioides, 20', My., wh. 



CRAWFURDIA. 



A small genus (ord. Gentianese) of half-hardy 

 or cold greenhouse herbaceous twiners. They may 

 be increased by division, and grow well in rich, 

 moderately strong soil. 



Principal Species : 

 fasciculata, 4', Aug., bl. 



CREEPERS. 



These are hardly represented in the garden to 

 the extent they merit, considering the numbers of 

 beautiful subjects to be found among them, and 

 their suitability for converting bare and ugly 

 fences, walls, or arches into monuments of luxuri- 

 ance and beauty. However, it is kinder to leave 

 them entirely alone than to put them in unsuitable 

 soil, against a hot, dry wall, and then leave them 

 to struggle unassisted against adverse circum- 

 stances, as is so often the case. Given a good bed 

 of rich soil, and treated on the assumption that a 

 wall is a terribly moisture-absorbing companion, 

 which appropriates far more than its own share of 

 rains and dews, no class of plants will better repay 

 the cultivator for his trouble. A good soaking at 

 the roots occasionally, a spraying with the syringe 

 in very dry, hot weather, an occasional fastening 

 in position, with an annual thinning or pruning, are 

 all the creeper asks in exchange for its wealth 

 of blossom a wealth often supplemented by a 

 gorgeous crop of berries or beautiful evergreen 

 leaves. A few of the most suitable plants for 

 various aspects are named, but the colour of the 

 wall should be considered in relation to that of the 

 flowers selected, so that incongruity may be 

 avoided. It may also be noted that the word 

 " creeper" is dealt with in its popular sense. 



For the east wall, we may select from the 

 beautiful Ayrshire and evergreen Roses ; Crataegus 

 Lalandi, orange berried and evergreen ; Cotone- 

 aster microphylla, with the same recommenda- 

 tions; Cydonia japonica, crimson flowers ; common 

 Virginian Creeper, green Ivies, and the yellow- 

 flowered Forsythia suspensa and Jasminum nudi- 

 florum. 



For the South Wall. Passiflora casrulea, and its 

 white variety Constance Elliott; Clematis Princess 

 of Wales, C. Beauty of Worcester, and C. Duke of 

 Edinburgh ; Escallonia macrantha floribunda, red 

 flowers ; Vitis inconstans (Ampelopsis Veitchii), the 

 self-clinging Virginian Creeper ; Wistaria sinensis, 

 purplish blue, flowers in hanging racemes; and Hoses 

 such as Gloire dc Dijon, Marechal Niel, and W. A. 

 Richardson. 



For the West Wall. Clematis montana, white ; 

 C. Jackmanii, purple ; Vitis vinifera purpurea, 

 leaves bronzy red ; Cliimonantlius fragrans var. 

 grandiflora, Garrya elliptica, Jasminum omcinnle, 

 white, and Vitis inconstans. 



For the North Wall. Fewer subjects are here 

 available, but the common Virginian Creeper 

 succeeds fairly well. CrattBgns Pyracnntha, Caly- 

 canthns occidentalis, Rose Homere, and any of 

 the strong-growing green Ivies will do. For 

 adorning arches, Jcnces, and garden walls a 

 selection may be made from the following: 

 Common and variegated Hops, Canary Creeper, 

 Everlasting Peas, Convolvulus, Tropseolum. majus 

 and T. lobbianum, Virginian Creeper, Clematis Jack- 

 manii and C. montana, Aristolochia Sipho, Cobuea 

 scandens, Lonicera Caprifolium, Jasminum ofticin- 

 alis, and Roses Aimee Vibert, Felicite Perpetue, 

 Bennett's Seedling, Crimson Rambler, Dundee 

 Rambler, and The Garland. (See also CLIMBERS.) 



CRESCENTIA. 



A genus (nrd. Bignoniacese) of evergreen trees 

 that may be grown in deep, rich loam and peat, in 

 the stove. Propagation may be effected by cuttings 

 in sand under a bell-glass over bottom heat. 



Principal Species : 



Cujete, 20', wh. The pleasant. The hard, 



Calabash tree. Some woody shells are used 



fruits globose, others for spoons and ladles, 



bottle - shaped ; the as they stand lire 



flavour is not very remarkably well. 



Other Species : 



alata, 10', lil. (now Par- macrophylla, 8', grn. yel. 



mentiera alata). (now Amphitechna. 



cucurbitina, 10', wh. macrophylla). 



CRESS. 



Three varieties of Crefs (Lepidium sativum) are 

 in cultivation for use in salads. The Broad-leaved 

 form has given place to the Plain-leaved and 

 Curled varieties, the latter being used largely for 

 garnishing. Cress is not quite so easy to manage 

 as the stronger-growing Mustard, but it requires 

 similar treatment. Being slower growing than 

 Mustard, it must be allowed four or five days 

 longer if both are needed at the same time. Cress 

 has a more delicate flavour than Mustard, but it is 

 not grown nearly so much commercially ns the 

 latter. 



CRESS (WATER). 



The Watercress industry is an extensive one, for 

 there is no salading more popular with the general 

 public, and scarcely another that can be purchased 

 cheaply the whole year round. So hardy and so 

 free-rooting is the Watercress (Nasturtium offici- 

 nale) that anyone may grow it in a bowl of water 

 or in a very moist or wet corner of the garden ; but 

 the best produce is secured where running water is 

 available, and it is for this reason that many acres 

 are under Cress cultivation along the banks of the 

 slow moving River Wandle in Surrey. Everv bit of 



