Helinus 



( 408 ) 



Heliptsrum 



HELINUS. 



A small genus of climbing shrubs (ord. Rham- 

 neaj), with slender, angular branches. Propaga- 

 tion, by seeds, or cuttings of the half ripened 

 shoots. Soil, good loam, with a little leaf mould 

 u w1 sand. 



Principal Species : 



ovatus, warm grh., grn. 



HELIOCARPUS. (Sus FRUIT.) 

 Tropical American trees and shrubs (ord. Til- 

 tace;e), of little value. 



HELIOPHILA. 



Half-hardy annual herbs and sub-shrubs and a 

 perennial climber (ord. Crucifera). Propagation, 

 by seeds of the annuals. Any light, well worked 

 garden soil will suit. 



Principal Species : 

 amplexicauh's, 9", Je -> scandens, 12', win., grh., 



Sep., wh. to pur. cl., wh., sweet. 



Other Species : 



coronopifolia, 1' to 2', bl. (ayn. stricta of Bot- 



Je., Sep., bl., vio. imii-nl Mugiizlne 2526). 



crithmifolia, 6",Jy.,aun. , iiicisa (//. araboides 



vio. of Sotameal Magazine 



pilosa, 6" to 12", Je., Jy., 496). 



HELIOPSIS. 



A small species of hardy annuals and perennial 

 herbs (ord. Composite). The perennials are the 

 ones generally to be seen ; the annuals are rare, if 

 indeed they are in cultivation at all. The plants 

 answer to the same cultural treatment as the 

 Helianthuses, including increase by division and by 

 seed. Any ordinary garden soil will do, but they 

 like plenty of sun. 



Principal Species and Varieties : 

 Isevis, 3' to 6', aut., yel. pitcheriana, or. 

 scabra, 2' to 4', Aug., 



yel., rough foliage. 



HELIOTROPIUM. (HELIOTROPE.) 



Description. Upwards of 150 species (ord, 

 Boraginese) have been described, although the 

 claims of many to rank as species are vague. The 

 genus is chiefly represented in gardens by the varie- 

 ties of the fragrant peruvianum, or Cherry Pie, as it 

 is commonly called. Heliotropes are very tender 

 subjects, and, although they may be grown in the 

 greenhouse or outdoors during the summer months, 

 the greenhouse is scarcely warm enough for them 

 in winter. 



Propagation. By cuttings is the usual method. 

 The plants furnish plenty of flowerless shoots in 

 early autumn. These should be taken off when 3" 

 or 4" long, trimmed up neatly, for bruised cuts 

 mean damping off, dibbled thickly into sandy soil 

 covered with a layer of sand, and struck in bottom 

 heat over a gentle hotbed or a warm propagating 

 frame. Sometimes Heliotropes keep badly during 

 the winter, and thus it is necessary to work up 

 more stock in spring. The autumn cuttings should 

 then be placed on a shelf in a warm house, where 

 they soon begin to grow. The cuttings may be 

 taken off in batches, and dibbled in, as they can be 

 obtained. Propagation by means of seed may also 

 be practised. 



Soil. A light, rich soil is needed for Heliotropes 

 in the flower beds, and it will be found that a good 

 dressing of leaf mould will greatly improve most 

 loamy soils. Or a dressing of yard manure may be 



given in autumn. It is a mistake to bring fresh, 

 rank manure close to the roots of the plants. 



Other Cultural Points. The great difficulty in 

 growing Heliotrope is to winter the plants properly. 

 A light shelf near the glass in a house whose tem- 

 perature does not fall below 50 is the best place, 

 and where this can be given deaths will be few. 

 In spring the rooted cuttings may be given one 

 shift into 3" pots, one plant in a pot and this . 

 will last them until they are put out in the beds. 

 The plants should not be planted erect, but lying 

 rather on their sides, and in order to carpet the 

 ground nicely the growths must be gone over at 

 intervals and pegged clown to the soil. Light 

 wooden pegs from old besoms, or those furnished 

 by the Brake Fern, answer admirably. 



Heliotropes in the Greenhouse. Specimen Helio- 

 tropes are very beautiful objects in the greenhouse.. 

 They may be trained against a wall, their growths 

 being lightly tied in to cover the space, and, 

 although they look a little stiff at first, this will 

 soon pass off. All the pruning necessary will be to 

 cut back straggling shoots, and those which are 

 too vigorous, so as to keep the bottom of the wall 

 furnished. 



Standard Heliotropes are less frequently seen. 

 To obtain them, cuttings should be taken early in 

 the autumn, and grown in heat all the winter 

 without being pinched. When they have readied 

 the required height the tops may be taken out, and 

 side branches will then begin to push. These may 

 be trained out to a supporting trellis until the 

 direction of the main branches has lx>en estab- 

 lished, when the trellis will not be needed. Either 

 the pyramidal- or the spherical-headed form may 

 be adopted. The pruning will consist in cutting 

 back the young growths each year to the hard 

 wood, and the best time to do this is spring. A 

 little more heat and syringing for a few weeks after 

 pruning will help the formation of young growth. 

 At other times Heliotrope does not need the 

 syringe, the foliage is too woolly. 



Principal Species : 



corymhosum, 4', My., peruviiinum, grh., bl', 

 Sep., grh. shr., HI. fragrant. 



Other Species : 



convolvulaceum, 2', sum., luteum, (>', Je., Oct., grh., 



hdy. aim., wh., fragrant, grn., yel. (*yn. Tourne- 



night flowering. 1'ortiji fruticosa of Hot- 



eurnssavicum, 9', Je., Jy., in/inil Kfyinter 464). 



st. sub-shr., wh., yel. voltairt'anum, vio., dwarf 



eye. hybrid. 



indicum, 1', Je., Aug., st. 

 ami., bl. 



A Selection of Varieties : 



Of the many vars. that are in cultivation a 

 selection of the best is given, All are fragrant. 



Madame Jubbinger, Miss Nightingale, Rose Clair, 

 vio., bl., Iv.s. dark pur., grn. 



Buffon, M. Vilgrain, White Lady, pale bl., Ivs. 

 grn. 



Adele, Bouquet Perfume, Madame P. Atliles, dark 

 vio., bl., Ivs. grn. 



HELIPTERUM. 



Charming half-hardy annuals, perennial herbs, 

 or shrubs (ord. Composite), with pretty "ever- 

 lasting " flowers, suitable for winter bouquets, and 

 well adapted for pots as well as for the border in 

 summer. Manglesii is a favourite pot plant. 

 Propagation, by seeds sown where they are to 

 bloom early in April, or in pots in a warm house in 



