Hippuris 



Holly 



Other Species : 



urgenti'a (uo\v Shepherdia canadensis (DOW Shep- 

 argL-ntea). herdia canadensis). 



sjdieifolia, 8' to 'JO', spr. 



HIPPURIS. 



The commonest member of this genus (ord. 

 Halorageso) is vulgaris, !)", summer, green, 'red. 

 This is the Mare's Tail, a perennial aquatic founil 

 wild in Great Britain and distributed through 

 Kurope and Xcfrfh America. It closely resembles 

 t lie Equisetums in 'general habit, and makes an 

 attractive plant for lake margins or stream sides. 



HODGSONIA. 



This genus (urd. Cucurbitacese) consists of but 

 one species heteroclita, May, yellow and white, a 

 strong climber. The large blooms, yellow outside 

 and white within, are followed by big, Melon-like 

 fruits that are not edible. Propagation is by seeds. 

 A moist stove suits it, and it requires a rich rooting 

 medium. 



HOES AND HOEING. 



Seeing how great a bearing the continual culti- 

 vation of the surface soil has upon the success or 

 otherwise of a crop, it is obvious that the hoe is 

 one of the most necessary of garden tools. 



Although there are so many patterns, each 

 having something to recommend it, they all fall 

 naturally into two classes, according to the way in 

 which the power is applied, viz. (1) the "draw" 

 hoe, and (2) the " push " or " Dutch " hoe. 



The make of draw hoe most commonly in use is 

 generally known as the " swan-necked." For heavy 

 soils a double necked hoe is made, the additional 

 strength thus obtained being of importance. The 

 triangular hoe is a favourite pattern for drawing 

 drills The Spanish or Vernon hoe is a swan- 

 necked hoe with only one point to the blade. 

 Occasionally a combination tool of hoe and pick- 

 fork may be seen, the two tools being placed, as it 

 were, back to back. The hoe-pickfork is useful in 

 heavy soils, and the pickfork end is handy for 

 unloading manure. 



The push or Dutch hoe is a splendid tool for 

 use upon all soils. As a weed destroyer it has few 

 equals. The Sproughton hoe is an ingenious 

 invention. It can be used both as a push and a 

 draw hoe, and as a spud. It is quite a departure 

 from the ordinary hoe in pattern. 



Hoeing forms a large part of the summer routine 

 of culture in all well-regulated gardens. Hot only 

 are weeds kept down thereby, but well-stirred 

 ground is much moister in periods of drought than 

 unstirred, owing to the greater ease with which 

 capillarity can come into play. Then, again, there 

 is the fertilising influence of the air to be con- 

 sidered, and this alone is no small consideration. 

 All growing crops greatly benefit by the frequent 

 employment of the hoe among them in dry weather. 



HOFFMANNIA 0//*. HHJGIXSIA and 

 OHIGGINSIA). 



Tropical herbs or shrubs (/</. liubiaeesrD, with 

 'handsome foliage and white, yellow, or red flowers. 

 Propagation, by cuttings, which root readily at any 

 time of the year if given a sandy soil, a close 

 frame, and plenty of bottom heat. Stems of old 

 plants may 1)6 cut up in spring into pieces, each 

 containing an eye. and a fair proportion of these 

 will root. Soil, loam two parts, leaf mould one 

 part, and sand. A free use ot the knife is necessary 



in the case of old plants, which, if not given their 

 annual spring pruning, soon become straggling and 

 ungainly. Mealy bug is the worst insect pest. 



Principal Species : - 



discolor, (i" to 9", st., Botanical Magazine 



red, Ivs. lurid grn. 5383). 



above, red j>ur. beneath variegata, Ivs. creamy 



(//. Campylobotrys wh., jel., red, dwarf; 



discolor of liotatiical the handsomest. 



Magazine 4530). refulgens, 1' to 2', St., 



Ghiesbreghtii, 2' to 4', My., red, Ivs. giu. 



bt., yel., spotted red, above, red below (xyn. 



Ivs. 12" to 15" long, Higgiusia refulgeus of 



dark grn. above, pur. Jlottuttcal Magazine 



red beneath (si/n. Hig- 5346). 



ginsia Ghiesbreghtii of 



Other Species : - 

 peduuculata, 2' to 3', st., grn. above, red below, 



yel. shr. (*y>i. Higginsia 



regalis, 1', st , Ivs. dull regalis of Botanical 



Magazine 5280). 



HOLBOZLLIA. 



There is only one species in this genus (ord. 

 Berberideso). It is a greenhouse evergreen climb- 

 ing shrub that is remarkably easy to grow in any 

 light soil. Cuttings of the half - ripened shoots 

 root quickly if taken in spring and inserted in a 

 gentle heat. 



Only Species : 



latifolia, 20'. Mch., grh., pur. or greenish pur., 

 fragrant, cl. (*yn. Stauntonia latifolia). There is 

 a var., acuminata, which has seven to nine narrow 

 leaflets to the leaf. 



HOLCUS. (SOFT GRASS.) 



A small genus of annual and perennial Grasses 

 {ord. Gramineie), of which mollis is a well-known 

 British wilding. They are rarely cultivated, and 

 only lanatus albo-variegatus is ever seen in gardens. 

 The annuals are increased by seeds sown in spring, 

 the perennials by seeds and by division of the 

 tufts, which is also best done in spring. Almost 

 any garden soil will do, but if loamy so much the 

 better. 



HOLLY. (Ir.E.x AQUI FOLIUM.) 



Description. A valuable and beautiful ever- 

 green shrub or tree (ord. Ilicine;e) of much worth 

 for shrubberies, pleasure grounds, and hedges. The 

 beauty of a good bush of the Common Holly, Ilex 

 Aquifoliurn, with its prickly, glossy leaves, is greatly 

 added to when it bears its bright red berries, 

 which are so much prized for decorations at the 

 festive season. It makes a fine hedge. There nre 

 many synonyms of the varieties, but those named 

 are according to the Kern Hand-List. For other 

 species, see Ilex. 



Propagation. The Common Holly is propagated 

 by seeds, the berries being gathered when ripe and 

 buried in sand until the following year, when they 

 should be sown in nursery beds or lines in March 

 or autumn. These beds must be kept clean, and 

 may be partially shaded from sun and frost by 

 branches. When about two years old the seedlings 

 may be transplanted into rows 1' apart. In about 

 two years more they may be removed again, giving 

 them .a little more space. The variegated and 

 other varieties are propagated by budding in 



liny Mum (see , 

 Jlnltenlergiit (sec .Krlimrn). 

 Hoitzia (see Lirselia). 



