Leucophyllum 



Levels 



vcrnum, 0" to 12", Mch. carpathicura, yel. spots 



wh. (*I/H. Eriuosma instead of grn. 



vernum). - Vigneri, generally more 



than one flower on stem. 



(Autumnale, longifolium, rosemn, tingitanum, 



and trichophyllum are described under Acis.) 



LEUCOPHYLLUM. 



Three species of dwarf, branching, greenhouse 

 shrubs (tird. Scrophulurinesc) covered with silvery 

 wool, and bearing relatively large and showy viole't 

 purple flowers. Texanuin, 2' to 8', spring and 

 summer, the only species yet introduced, may be 

 raised from seeds and cuttings, and likes a fairly 

 rich, loamy toil. 



LEUCOPOGON. 



An Australian genus (ord. Epacridese) of ever- 

 green shrubs requiring greenhouse treatment. 

 Propagation is by early summer cuttings of firm 

 tips in sandy peat beneath a bell-glass. A compost 

 of fibrous loam and peat, with sand and charcoal, 

 suits. 



Principal Species : 

 lanceolatus, 10', My., wh. 



(iyn. Cumin ghamii). 



Other Species: 

 collinus, G', My.,wh. 

 ohovatus, 1', My., Je.,wh. 



Richei. 6', My., wh. (st/ns. 

 parvirtorus and poly- 

 stachj's). 



striatuj, :i', ,Te.. wh. 

 virgatus, IV, Jc., wh. 



LEUCOPSIDIUM. 



A small genus of hardy, or nearly hardy, annual 

 or biennial plants (ord. Composite), which may be 

 increased by seeds and delight in a warm, rich 

 soil and a sunny position. 



Principal Species : 



avkaiisiiium, 1' to 2', sum., 

 wh. , pur., yel. 



ramosissinnun, 1" to 12", 

 sum., vio , yel., com- 

 pact. 



LEUCOSPERMUM. 



Greenhouse evergreen shrubs (ord. Proteacese) 

 that are not common in gardens. Propagation is 

 by cuttings of ripe shoots beneath a bell-glass. 

 Soil, three parts of light loam and one part of 

 fibrous peat, with coarse sand. 



Principal Species : 



ellipticum, 3', Je., yel. 

 formosum (correctly Pro- 

 tea fonnosa). 



tomentosum camlicans, 

 2', Aug., yel. 



LEUCOTHOE. 



Hardy shrubs (ord. Ericaceae). Propagation is 

 by layers in late summer, or by seeds sown in 

 sandy soil under hand-lights as soon as ripe. 

 They grow best in sandy peat. 



Principal Species : 

 axillaris, 3', My., wh. 



(*U. Andromeda axil- 



laris). 

 Catesbasi, 3', My., wh. 



(KI/IIK. spiimlosa, Au- 



dromeda Catesbsei and 



A. spinulosa). 

 Davisiie. 4', sum., wh. 



(xyn. Lobhi). 



LEUZEA. 



Hardy herbaceous perennials (ord. Composite). 

 Propagation is by spring division and by seeds. 

 The plants flourish in any fertile soil. 



racemosa, 6', My., wh. 

 (KI/HS. spicata, Andro- 

 meda pauiculata, A. 

 racemosa, A. spir;it,-i, 

 and A. tomentosa, and 

 Lyouia racemosa). 



recurva, 2', Je. , wh. (fi/ii. 

 Andromeda recurva). 



Leufolana (gee . 



Leurostcyia (see Dai-allia). 



Principal Species : 



altaica, 8", Jy., pur. comfera, 8", Aug., pur. 



salina, 10", Jy., pur. 



LEVELLING. 



An operation requiring skill, and which, in exten- 

 sive work, should be entrusted to an expert. A 

 theodolite is commonly used, and is valuable for 

 ascertaining the rise and fall of the ground. For 

 limited areas a straightedge, spirit level, and 

 horning rods are employed. In addition to these, 

 numerous pegs are used at frequent intervals. 

 The level is often taken from the house, and having 

 been ascertained, a peg is driven in to the proper 

 height ; another is inserted 8' or !)' away, its 



LEWISIA itEDivivA (see p. 12). 



precise height being determined by the aid of the 

 straightedge and spirit level. Other pegs follow- 

 over the surface, and the actual levelling proceeds. 

 The operator must guard against piling good soil 

 in some positions, and leaving the subsoil exposed 

 in others. The surface soil should be carefully 

 preserved, filling low spots with the poorer subsoil 

 from the higher ground. Thoroughly loosen the 

 subsoil before surfacing with 9" or 10" of good 

 mould, the whole being subsequently made equally 

 firm. 



LEVELS. 



Plane surfaces that are parallel to the surface of 

 water are frequently spoken of as " levels," and the 

 same term is applied to those instruments which 

 a surveyor or gardener uses when creating either a 

 horizontal or an inclined plane. The " spirit level " 

 is too common an object to need description, and 

 when it, is fixed in a long and rigid straightedge 

 it is a convenient tool for levelling small areas, as 

 tlie air bubble, being much lighter than the spirit, 



