Mast 



(59) 



Mauria 



MAST. 



A name given to the fruit of the Beech (Beech 



Ma>t ), and also to Acorns and Chestnuts. 



MATONIA. 



The one species of Matonia (ord. Filices) is one 

 of the handsomest, rarest, and most difficult to grow 

 annular Ferns. It lingers for a while after im- 

 portation, and so far no one has been successful in 

 cultivating; it. 



Only Species : 



pectinata, fronds \y to 2' long', 1' to lj' broad, 

 very tough and leathery, st. 



MATRICARIA. 



A large genus of annual and perennial herbs 

 (<>rd. Composite), most of them weeds. Inodora, 

 once it gets a footing, seeds so freely that it is 

 difficult to get rid of. The double form, plenis- 

 sima, is cultivated to some extent, and is worth a 

 place in the garden. There is a good deal of con- 

 fusion amongst the Matricarias, several plants sold 

 under that name really belonging to the allied 

 genus Pyrethrum. All the plants can be raised 

 from seeds, and the perennials can also be increased 

 by root division. Any common garden soil will do. 



Principal Species and Varieties : 

 inodora, 1' to '2', Je.,Xov., maritima, very fleshy 



ami., wh. (British). Ivs., seashore (British). 



Scentless Mayweed. plenissima, double 



discoideia, 9" to 12", flowers (gyn. flore 



. wh. , scented foliage. pleno). 



Other Species and Varieties : 

 Chamomilla, Common Fartheniuin (we Pyre- 

 Chamomile, 12" to 18", thrum Parthenium). 

 Je.,Aug., wh. (British V 



MATS. 



For covering frames or plants upon walls during 

 frosty weather, mats are indispensable. The well- 

 known Archangel mats, made from the soft, tough 

 inner bark of Tilia europasa, are in common use. 

 They are of heavy and light qualities, but in either 

 case need a little preparation before use. The 

 rough pieces of bark at the edges should be pulled 

 out, and the ends of the strands tied up, three or 

 four together. This lengthens the life of the mat. 

 Archangel mats are also frequently employed by 

 nurserymen for packing plants in. Old Archangel 

 mats may be used for shading, and for tying up 

 Celery. Home made mats of straw are light and 

 fairly useful, but they are open to the objection of 

 untidiness, unless made very carefully. To make 

 them, a light framework of wood, about 6" bigger 

 each way than the required mat, should be placed 

 together. To the top of this rack a number of 

 pairs of strings, about twice as long as the mat 

 requires, should be attached. The number of 

 pairs of strings will vary with the width of the 

 mat, but they should be not more than 9" apart. 

 Then proceed to tie in small handfuls of straw 

 until the requisite length is reached. Like all 

 other protective material, they should be dry to 

 keep out the frost. 



Mastaclinntiis ginensis (see Caryoptcris MastacU- 



anthiis) . 



Magtich Tree (nee Pistacia Lentlscus). 

 Mataxa (si'i- LatiotpermtoH,). 

 Mute (see Ilex). 

 Mat/tea (see Si'lnri-nliin). 

 Matrimony Vine (see Li/chim). 



MATTHIOLA (>yn. MATHIOLA). 



A rather large genus of hardy, half-hardy, or 

 greenhouse, annual, biennial, or perennial herbs or 

 shrubs, with showy flowers, and of easy culture. 

 The fragrant Stocks of gardens sprang from several 

 species of Matthiola. (For culture, see STOCKS.) 



Principal Species and Varieties : 

 bicornis, spr., hlf-hdy. annua, 1' to 2', My., 



sub-shr., pur., red. Oct., hdy., flowers 



Night-sceuted Stock. various (*'///. anuua). 



incana, 1' to 2', sum., Ten-Week Stock. 



aut. , hlf -hdy. bieu. , flore pleno, like tvpe, 



SOT. The parent of the flowers double, more 

 romptou and Queen compact growth. 

 St^ks. Wallflower- 

 lefived Stock. 

 Other Species : 



anuua (see incana var.). Jy., grh. sub-shr., yel., 



fenestralis, 1', Jy., Aug., scented in the evening, 

 hdy. bieu , sc. or pur. tricuspidata, 1', sum., 

 odoratissima, 1' to 2', Je., hdy. aim., bl. 



MATTOCK. 



A variant of the pickaxe, differing only from 

 that implement in having one arm pointed. The 

 second is flattened to a rough cutting edge, run- 

 ning transversely to the handle. The mattock is 

 thus a compromise between a grubbing axe, which 

 has both arms terminated in a cutting edge, and 

 a pickaxe. It is useful for breaking up old gravel 

 paths, cutting trenches round trees that are being 

 root pruned, and also for root grubbing generally. 

 It is not infrequently dubbed a "grubbing" or 

 " grub axe " in rural districts. 



MAURANDIA (syn. MAUBANDYA). 



Climbing herbs with showy flowers (ord. Scroph- 

 ularinere). Barclayana, the species most frequently 

 met with, is a beautiful plant for covering a wall 

 or a trellis, for it is of graceful habit, flowers freely, 

 and will grow in any fairly light, rich soil. It does 

 best if treated as an annual. Erubescens, and scan- 

 dens, which some botanists consider to be a variety 

 of semperflorens, also do well upon a trellis or south 

 wall. Seeds may be sown at the beginning of 

 March, in brisk heat, the seedlings being potted 

 on and subsequently hardened off for planting out 

 at the end of May. Cuttings of young growths 

 may be rooted under a bell-glass, in sandy soil, in 

 August. They like a sandy loam. 



Principal Species : 

 barclayana, sum., hlf-hdy. cens of the Botanical 



aun. or per., vio., pur. Set/inter 1381). 



luceyana, pk. scandens, sum., hlf-hdy., 



erubescens, sum., aut., pur., vio. (syiis. Lopho- 



hlf-hdy., ro., wh. (<////. spennum aud TJsteria. 



Lophospermum erubes- scaiideus). 



Other Species : 

 antirrhiuiflora, Jy., pur., striped wh.: probably a 



wh. (correctly Autir- var. of scandens. 



rhiuuiiiuiauraiidioides). luceyaua (see barclayana 

 atrosanguinea (see Rhodo- var.). 



chiton volubile). semperflorens, sum., vio., 



Heudersoni, vio., pur., or., red. 



MAURIA. 



An obscure genus of stove evergreen trees (ord. 

 Anacardiaceaj), all from tropical America. Two 



Matthimmia (see Schmenltia). 

 MattuidMa (see Saumtrus). 

 Maudlin, Sweet (see Achillea Ayeratum). 

 Mauhlia (see Agapanthm). 



