Parietaria 



( 162 ) 



Parkinsonia 



Quite apart from the foregoing, but equally 

 parasitic, are the many species of fungi (and 

 bacteria) that prey upon plants, pushing their 

 thread-like mycelia through the tissues of the 

 host; and when it is remembered that many can 

 grow on for a long period independent of repro- 

 duction by spores, the difficulties of eradicating 

 fungoid pests will be the better appreciated. 



It should here be stated that epiphytic and 

 saprophytic plants are frequently miscalled para- 

 sites, but the former use other plants only as a 

 means of support and not of sustenance, while the 

 latter, i.e. saprophytes, grow only on decaying 

 organic matter. 



PARIETARIA. 



Hardy plants (ord. Urticacese), needing ordinary 

 garden soil ; seldom cultivated. The best known 

 species is the British one, officinalis, 1J', summer, 

 green (Wall Pellitory). 



PARINARIUM. 



Stove evergreen shrubs and trees (ord. Rosacea?), 

 rarely seen in cultivation. Propagation, by cut- 

 tings of ripe wood in spring, beneath a bell-glass, 

 over bottom heat. Soil, fibrous loam, leaf mould, 

 and sand. 



Principal Species: 



excelsum, 60', Je., wli. 



PARIS. 



Hardy herbs (ord. Liliacese). Propagated by 

 division of the creeping rootstock, and by seeds. 

 Any fertile garden soil suits. 



Principal Species : 



polyphylla, 1', My., yel- 

 lowish gm. 



quadrifolia, 1', Ap. , yel- 

 lowish grn. 



PARIS GREEN. 



An extremely useful arsenical compound that in 

 careful hands assists the grower to overcome the 

 attacks of caterpillars and other pests destructive 

 of the foliage of fruit trees, being both a preventive 

 and a cure. As Paris Green or Scheele's Green, 

 as it is sometimes called is a poison, the utmost 

 care must be taken to keep it out of the reach of 

 domestic animals, children, or anyone unacquainted 

 with its nature. Paris Green is obtainable either 

 in powder or paste, but as there is always a danger 

 of inhaling the fine dry particles, the paste form 

 should be purchased. One ounce of this mixed 

 with 20 gallons of water forms a suitable mix- 

 ture for spraying fruit trees when the leaves 

 have grown somewhat. A good plan is to break 

 down the paste in a little water, gradually adding 

 more water and stirring vigorously all the time. 

 In using the mixture remember that Paris Green is 

 more than three times heavier than water, and that 

 it is insoluble in water, consequently unless the mix- 

 ture is kept continually agitated the lower portion in 

 the vessel will be so strong as to damage the young 

 foliage. In small gardens a syringe may be used 

 to spray with, distributing the mixture in the 

 finest spray possible; the Strawson and Vermorel 



Parastranthns (see Lobelia). 

 Paratropia (see lleptapleurum). 

 Pardantlms chinensit (see Belamcanda chinensis). 

 Pardia (sec Rose Enemies) 



Paris Daisy (see Chrysanthemum frutescens and 

 Marguerites). 



patent spraying machines are suitable for larger 

 operations. A quart of treacle added to every 

 50 gallons serves to make the mixture more adhe- 

 sive and prevent its effects being lost after the 

 first shower. 



In America dry mixtures of Paris Green are 

 sometimes used, and the method is to mix i Ib. of 

 Paris Green powder with 2J Ib. of wheat flour and 

 50 Ib. of either dry road dust or finely sifted coal 

 ashes. 



PARK. 



A piece of ground enclosed for purposes of 

 recreation. It may be public or private property. 

 In country estates the ground immediately sur- 

 rounding the mansion is usually known as the 

 Park, although it is not always entirely enclosed. 

 The deer park is bounded by higher fences or by 

 wide ha-has, surmounted by low fences, so that 

 the deer may be kept within limits. Wooden palings 

 are generally employed for the boundaries, and 

 strung wire fences for the partitions, or for en- 

 closing shrubberies. 



The public park, as exemplified in the large open 

 spaces in London and other towns and cities, is 

 comparatively a modern feature. These parks have 

 been laid out by landscape gardeners, planted with 

 suitable trees, and starred with flower beds, in the 

 filling of which much care is expended. They are, 

 in reality, huge gardens, with long, rolling stretches 

 of lawn, shady nooks and arbours, umbrageous 

 trees, and well-kept, pleasant promenades. The 

 employment of the lawns for cricket, bowls, and 

 tennis is quite legitimate, and well within the 

 strict meaning of the word " park." 



The park of the private owner is developed upon 

 rather different lines, and in it are to be found 

 features corresponding to the owner's desires ; but 

 it may be generally stated that a rather " wilder," 

 more natural state of things obtains in them. 

 The lawns are represented by rough meadows and 

 the shrubberies become woods and cover for game, 

 while there is a gradual transition from these 

 wilder parts to the " kept " portions of the grounds 

 that lie close to the dwelling house. 



Recently the tendency has been to add to 

 natural resources by sowing seeds of many wild 

 flowers, and by planting quantities of hardy bulbs, 

 that, once planted, are allowed to take care of 

 themselves ; and the results are in every way com- 

 mendable. (See also LANDSCAPE GARDENING.) 



PARKIA. 



Stove evergreen trees (ord. Leguminosaj). Afri- 

 cana the African Locust possesses considerable 

 economic value, its seeds being surrounded by a 

 sweet, farinaceous pulp. Propagation, by cuttings 

 in very sandy soil, beneath a bell-glass, over 

 bottom heat. Soil, fibrous peat and loam with 

 coarse sand. 



Principal Species : 

 africana, 30', Ap., crim. biglandulosa, 20', sum., 



African Locust. brownish yel., wh. 



PARKINSONIA. (JERUSALEM THOEN.) 



Stove evergreen shrubs (ord. Leguminosa;) 

 Propagation, by cuttings in sand, in a close case. 

 Soil, fibrous loam, peat, and sand. 



Principal Species : 



aculeata, 10', Je., yel. 



Paritium (see Hibiscus). 

 Parker ia (see Ceratopterii). 



