Pear 



( 169 ) 



Pear 



overhanging copings fixed to the top of the wall. 

 Whatever protective material is used must stand 

 quite free from the flowers. Watering is one of 

 the most important factors in successful culture. 



Peach Blister. This usually attacks the leaves, 

 but sometimes the young shoots as well. It is a 

 fungus (Exoascus deforrnans) which occurs in cold 

 springs after sharp winds and frosts. This points 

 to the need for careful protection. Infested leaves 

 and shoots should be gradually removed and 

 burned, when, with good culture, the tree will 

 make clean, healthy growth. 



Selections of Varieties : 



First Early {middle to end of July') : 

 Early Beatrice. Early Rivers. Waterloo. 



Si'cinul Early (bet/inning to middle of August) : 

 Dagmar. Hale's Early. Large Early 



Miguonne. 



crop of properly finished fruits. Where the Pear 

 thrives either as a standard on the Pear stock or as a 

 pyramid on the Quince, it is usually very profitable. 



Propagation and General Management. These 

 details are practically identical with those adopted 

 in the case of Apples, the article upon which 

 should be studied with care. 



Stocks. The natural stock is the Pear, which is 

 deep-rooting, and is somewhat slow in producing a 

 profitably fruitful tree ; it is suitable for standards. 

 The Quince stock acts with Pears as the Paradise 

 does with Apples favours early fruiting and 

 excellence of quality. But some varieties Marie 

 Louise, for example do not favour the Quince, 

 and double grafting is resorted to. The stock is 

 worked with Beurre d'Amanlis or other suitable 

 variety, which in its turn is headed back, and the 

 coveted Marie Louise worked thereon. Success 

 follows this method. 



PEAK NOUVELLE FULVIE (see p. 170). 



Early Midseason (latter half of August) : 

 Crimson Galande. Gladstone (see p. 168). 



Midseason (first half of September) : 

 Bellegarde. Dyrnond. Stirling Castle. 



Late Midscason (second half of September) : 

 Barrington. Prince of Wales. Sea Eagle. 



Late (jirst half of October) : 

 Golden Eagle. Nectarine. Osprey. 



for outdoors (in order of ripening) : 

 Hales' Early. Noblesse. Walburton 



Amsdeii June. Barrington. Admirable 



Dymond. Sea Eagle. Salwey. 



PEAR. 



Description. The Pear (Pyrus communis, ord. 

 Rosaceas) is one of the most highly appreciated 

 hardy fruits for dessert, while many persons have 

 a great partiality for it in a cooked state. The tree 

 is not so accommodating as the Apple, there being 

 districts where wall culture is essential to a regular 



Peacock Jiutterfty (see Vanessa). 



Peacock Tiger Flower (see Tigndia Paronia). 



Soil and Situation. Provided there be a deep 

 root run and no stagnant water, the Pear will grow 

 in any fertile soil. If the drainage is bad it must 

 be rectified, as Pears on damp or shallow soils will 

 crack and be useless. Even pyramids on the Quince 

 a moisture-loving tree will fail if the ground be 

 at all waterlogged. This stock is naturally surface- 

 rooting, and no effort should be spared to maintain 

 the character. Pears vary considerably in dif- 

 ferent climates, and standards are a doubtful 

 success in most northerly or cold situations, and 

 fail completely in others. The large varieties 

 prefer walls, and several of the small sorts grow 

 best as standards, some of them fruiting well 

 even in cold places. Trained Pears on the Pear 

 stock cover an immense area of wall, and, if they 

 are properly nourished, carry enormous crops. 



Form of Trees. For the open, in the form of 

 pyramids and, where they thrive, standards. For 

 walls, horizontal and fan shapes are excellent, but 

 for the choicest of fruits for exhibition cordons 

 are unequalled. Arches over garden walks formed 

 by cordon Pears have two recommendations they 



