Quesnelia 



258 ) 



Quincunx 



afghanistanensis. 30' to 

 40', sub-evergreen. 



cochleata, 40', edges of 

 Ivs. curved upward. 



devoniana, 40' to 50', 

 Ivs. smaller. 



- rubicunda, 40', Ivs. 

 reddish. 



rubra, GO', Ivs. large, 

 smooth, bark grey. 

 Red Oak. 



Other Species and Varieties : 



acuta, 10', ev. (syns. 



aiigustifolia, Buergerii, 



cuspidata latifolia, and 



marginata) . 

 bambusrefolia, Ivs. 



narrower. 

 JEgilops, 40' to 50' (XI/HX. 



graca and ventricosa). 



Vallonia or Velaui 



Oak. 

 agrifolia, 20', Ivs. oval, 



waited. Enceno Oak. 

 alba, 60', Ivs. large and 



handsome. White 



Swamp Oak. 

 alnifolia, 10' to 12', grh., 



ev.,lvs.oval with golden 



under surface, very 



rare. 

 Ballota, 50', ev., Ivs. 



small, rounded ((/. 



cyclophylla and ro- 



tundifolia). Barbary 



Oak. 

 bicolor, 60', Ivs. large,. 



few lobes (st/ns. cas- 



tanesefolia of gardens, 



paunosa, platanoiues, 



aud Priu us var. bicolor) . 



Swamp Oak. 

 castaneffifolia of C. A. 



Meyer, 60', Chestnut- 

 leaved, 

 ciuerea, 20', narrow, 



small. Upland Willow 



Oak. 

 coccifera, 15', ev., Ivs. 



small, spiny. Kermes 



Oak. 

 cuspidata, 30', ev., bushy 



habit. 

 - variegata, Ivs. varie- 



dentata, 30', Ivs. very 

 large, requires a shel- 

 tered position (*//.. 

 Daimyo and obovata). 



glabra, 10', ev. 



glandulifera, 40', ev. 



glauca, 30' 



heterophylla, 40', Ivs. 

 long, narrow (seep.15~). 



ilicifolia, 8' (syns. Banis- 

 teri, discolor var. 



Banisteri, and nana). 

 Black Scrub Oak. 

 imbricaria, 40', Laurel- 

 leaved (SI/IIK. Castauea 

 and laurifolia of gardens 

 and Phellos var. imbri- 

 caria). 



incaua, 40', grh., Ivs. 

 whitish. 



Kelloggii, 30'. 



laiiuginosa, 30', 'vs. small, 

 woolly on under side 

 (//*. ajudaghensis, 

 budayana, collina, con- 

 glomerata, cupaniana, 

 faginea, etc.). 



laurifolia of Michaux, 40'. 



Libani, 30', Ivs. small, 

 ovate. 



lyrata, 50', Ivs. long, few 

 lobed. 



marilandica, 20', Ivs.wide, 

 distinct. 



nigra, 10' to 25', Ivs. 

 cuneate. Black Jack 

 Oak. 



palustris, 60, Ivs. pinuati- 

 tid. Pin Oak. 



Phellos, 50', Ivs. long, 

 narrow. Willow Oak. 



prinoides, 8', dwarf shr., 

 suitable for under- 

 growth (seep. 259). 



Priuus, 20' to 90'. 

 Chestnut Oak. 



Pseudo-suber, 50', ev. 

 False Cork Oak. 



reticulata, 10' to 20', grh. 



serrata, 20', Ivs. long, ser- 

 rate. 



stellata, 50', under side of 

 Ivs. covered with whit- 

 ish felt. 



Suber, 25', ev. Cork Oak. 



Toza, 40', Ivs. and young 

 stems densely clothed 

 with silky hairs. 



splendens, finer. 

 Turueri, 40', ev., Ivs. 



large, hybrid, 

 velutina, 40', Ivs. large. 



rubrifolia, Ivs. very 

 large aud ornamental. 

 Champion Oak. 



QUESNELIA. 



Interesting stove plants (urd. Bromeliacese), with 

 long, leathery leaves bordered with strong spines. 

 The flowers are showy. Propagation, by suckers in 

 spring, in a close, moist temperature. Similar 

 culture to Billbergias and Tillandsias will suit. 



Principal Species : 



Van Houttei, 2', spr., 

 vio. (.<;/. van houtte- 

 ana). 



rufa, H', .Ton., bracts ro., 



flowers bl. 

 strobilospica, 2', spr., vio. 



QUICK. 



A term applied to the Whitethorn, Crntregus 

 Oxyacantha, when used as a hedge plant. Quicks 

 for hedges should be raised from seeds and grown 



for two or three years in nursery quarters. Select 

 those about 2' in height with clean, sturdy stem*. 

 The ground should be trenched, and if poor en- 

 riched with well-rotted manure. Koran ordinary 

 hedge the plants maybe placed from 12" to 15" 

 apart in a single row, but where strong hedges /in- 

 required a double row should be made, placing the 

 plants 18" apart, the plants in the two rows 

 alternating with each other. When well estab- 

 lished they should be cut down to a few inches of 

 the ground, to obtain a good bushy habit. They 

 should be clipped twice a year. (See also HEDGES 

 and PLASHING.) 



QUILLAJA. (So,\r TREE.) 



South American trees (or^. Hosaceic) of economic 

 value. Saponaria, 60', is the most important. It is 

 an evergreen with small, oval leaves and white 

 flowers. The inner layers of the bark are very rich 

 in soapy matters. Propagation, by cuttings. Soil, 

 sandy loam. It grows well on a wall out of doors 

 in the wanner parts of England. 



QUINCE. 



Description. A popular name applied to Pyrus 

 Cydonia (syn. Cydonia vulgaris, urd. Rosacerc). 

 It is one of the oldest of cultivated exotic trees, 

 and has become so widely distributed, and in many 

 places naturalised, that its native country is not 

 known. Most gardens of any pretensions possess 

 one or more trees. It forms a low, spreading tree, 

 and produces fruits which, when ripe, are very 

 fragrant and yellow. These are used for preserves 

 or for mixing with other fruit. Quinces are em- 

 ployed as stocks on which to graft Pears, as, being 

 naturally fibrous, surface-rooting trees, they make 

 much better stocks than the ordinary Pear. 



Propagation. By seeds, cuttings, or layers. 

 Seeds must be sown out of doors as soon as ripe, 

 first mixing them with red lead t,o keep away mice. 

 Cuttings should be made in August and inserted in 

 the open ground. Layers may be put down in the 

 ordinary way. 



Soil. A warm, sandy loam. 



Other Cultural Points. Young plants intended 

 for grafting should be grown in rich soil and 

 encouraged to make clean, healthy wood. Grafting 

 can generally be performed about the second or 

 third year. Plants that are to be grown into trees 

 must be carefully pruned when young to help them 

 to make a good head. 



Principal Quinces : 



Chinese (Pyrus cathayen- marmorata, Ivs. var.'e- 



sis). gated. 



Common (see Pyrus Cy- pyriformis. Pear 



donia). shaped. 



- lusitanica, fruit very Japanese (< Pyrus 



large. Japonioa). 



maliformis, fruit Apple Maule's (sir Pyrus Mau- 



shaped. lei). 



QUINCUNX. 



A method of planting. The plants are placed in 

 rows, those in the first, third, and fifth rows being 

 exactly opposite each other, whilst the plants in 

 the second and fourth rows stand opposite each 

 other and between the plants in the other rows. 



(,iuick$et (see Quick and Crata-ynn). 

 Qiiilhrort (sec Jsoctes). 



(Juina, Quinquina, and Qvinn (nee Cinchona). 

 Quince, ttenyal (see sKylc Marmelas). 



