Eafnia 



( 260 ) 



Randia 



Lang-rooted : 

 Black Spanish, for winter Long White. 



use. Long Rose. 



*Wood's Early Frame. The Sutton. 



* May be used for forcing. 



Enemies. The Radish has many enemies. Of 

 Fungi, there are the White Rust (Cystopus can- 

 didus) and Mildew (Peronospora parasitica). As a 

 rule these are not very troublesome, and badly 

 attacked crops may be sacrificed without serious 

 loss. Amongst insect pests Millipedes and the 

 larvae of some Night Moths occasionally give 

 trouble, as do also the Turnip Fly and the larvse of 

 the Cabbage Fly. The most troublesome insect, 

 however, is Anthomyia Radicum, the Kadish Fly, 

 whose yellow, fleshy, wrinkled larvae eat into the 

 roots; and afterwards pupate in the soil. Water- 

 ing with carbolic acid mixture is recommended ; 

 it is prepared by mixing J pint of the acid with 

 about- 1 gallon of boiling water in which 1 Ib. of 

 soft soap has been dissolved, and diluting to 

 50 gallons. Gas lime may be sprinkled between 

 the rows, 3 oz. or 4 oz. to the yard. 



RAFNIA. 



Greenhouse shrubs and sub-shrubs (ord. Legu- 

 rninosae>from South Africa. The flowers of all 

 the known species are yellow, and the leaves entire. 

 Few of 1 the Rafnias are cultivated outside botanic 

 establishments. Propagation, by seeds and cut- 

 tings. 



Principal Species : 

 angulata, 1' to \\' ', My., triflora, 2' to 4', Je., shr. 



sub-shr. (nyn. h'lifolia). (nyn. Crotalaria trirlora 



elliptica, 1' to 3', Je.,shr. of -Botanical Manuztur 



482). 



RAGS. 



Waste cloth and rags have been turned to value 

 as a manure. They are finely shredded, and sold 

 as " shoddy " from cloth factories. Applied at the 

 rate of about 3J Ib. per square pole 5 cwt. per 

 acre shoddy is an excellent application for heavy 

 land, but is not to be recommended for light soil. 

 Hops seem to like it particularly well. Fruit plant- 

 ations, too, find it helpful. 



RAILLIARDIA. 



Greenhouse shrubs {ord. Composite). Propaga- 

 tion, by seeds and cuttings. Soil, two parts 

 loam, one part leaf mould, and sand. 



Only Species Introduced : 



ciliolata, 2', Jy., grh., yel., rayless branches 

 covered with velvety hairs. 



RAIN GAUGE. 



An instrument for determining the rainfall in 

 any place during a given period. The water is 

 conducted into a receiver by means of a funnel 

 which lias a large collecting surface, and is pro- 

 tected by an upright rim. At stated hours the ] 

 receiver is emptied into a graduated vessel, and 

 the amount carefully noted. Evaporation from the 

 receiving vessel is guarded against. Snow is first 

 melted and then calculated as water. 



Jfaffia (ii'e llaphia,). 



Hogged Jlobin (sec Lyeltnu Flot-cueitli). 



Itiiiiirort (see Otlionna and Senecio Jaeoba-a). 



Ihywort, Sea (see Cineraria maritima). 



Ram lierry (see Rliamnui). 



Itainbmv Viewer (see Iris). 



RAIN WATER. 



Of greater value in gardens than water from 

 springs, as it is generally warmer, contains more 

 oxygen, less lime, and has, when fresh, traces of 

 nitric acid, collected from the air. 



RAKES. 



Rakes of various sizes occupy an important 

 position in the garden. The wooden rake, whose 

 head varies from li' to 2' long, is almost indispens- 

 able in the autumn for leaf collecting. The teeth 

 in these rakes need to be frequently replaced. 

 This gives very little trouble, as the teeth are 

 simply knocked into holes pierced iu the head 

 until they are firm, afterwards being cut to the 

 required length. 



It is in the preparation of seed beds that the 

 iron rake conies mainly into play. Here the soil 

 has to be levelled and broken up finely, stones and 

 other rubbish being removed. Three sizes (i", 

 10", and 12" are usually needed ; the dimensions 

 refer to the length of the head. A stout A.-h 

 handle is commonly provided. 



A special make of rake with broad, flat teeth, 

 sharp at both edges, is sometimes used for scratch- 

 ing up Daisies from lawns, but the process is rather 

 of the " rough and ready " order. 



RAMONDIA (syus. CHAIXIA, JAXK.-EA, 

 and MYCONIA). 



Charming hardy perennial, Alpine plants (ord. 

 Gesneracere), prized for rock gardens or for shady 

 walls. They form close-growing plants, with 

 small stems bearing a few pretty flowers. Propa- 

 gation, by seeds, sown in pots under glass in 

 spring, or in crevices in rockwork or walls ; also bv 

 division. Seedlings grow slowly, and small plants 

 ought not to be divided. Soil, rough peat and 

 loam in equal parts, with some limestone or mortar 

 rubbish, except for serbica var. Nathalies, which 

 dislikes lime. Ramondias will grow on a south or 

 south-east aspect if they have plenty of water 

 daily in summer and in dry weather in spring. 



Only Species and Varieties : 



Heldreichii, 3", sum., vio. alba, wh. 



(xi/n. Jaukffia Held- serbica, 4", sum., vio. 



reichii). . Nathalie, darker 



pyrenaica, 6", sum., vio. flowers (*IIH. Kathaliir). 



pur. (xyti. Verbascum 



Myconi). (&-e p. 261.) 



RAMPION. 



Under this name the white, fleshy roots of 

 Campanula Rapunculus, a hardy biennial (ord. 

 Campanulaceas), are sometimes cultivated. Seed 

 should be sown in May if earlier the plants 

 quickly run to seed in very shallow drills 9" to 

 12" apart. A moist, rich soil, in a shady position, 

 should be selected. The plants must be thinned 

 at an early date to 6" or 8" apart. The roots are 

 available for winter use. 



RANDIA (syns. CUPIA, OXYCEROS, and 

 STYLOCORYNA). 



A genus of stove, climbing or erect, evergreen 

 trees and shrubs (ord. Rubiacea?). Several have 

 large and showy flowers, and make elegant pot 

 plants. Propagation, by cuttings of the young 



Baisin Tree, Japanese (see llovenia 

 Jiajania (see Enmnickio). 

 Itamoon Tree (see Tropltis). 



