Santalum 



( 305 ) 



Sap 



Kirkii, Ivs. 2' to' 9' long, 

 3" broad, mottled ml 

 dish hr., Feb., wh. 



thyrsitlora, H',sum.,wh. 

 (xtr figure). 



zeylauica, 1' to 2' long, 

 f" to 1" broad, sword 

 shaped, lines wh., red, 

 Sep., grn., wh. Several 

 vars. 



pale grn. Does fairly 

 well in grh. 



roxbiirghiana, Ivs. 2' to 

 -.' long, 1" broad, red 

 bordered, Jy . , gru. , wh. 



Principal Species : 



cylindrica, Ivs. 3' to 4' 

 long, cylindi'ical, Aug. , 

 wh. 



guineensis, Ivs. 3' to 4' 

 high, 2^" to 5" broad, 

 grn.. spotted wh. Sep., 

 wh. (ilatica, latevireus, 

 polyphylla, and zebrina 

 are vars. 

 Other Species : 



longirlora, Ivs. 1' to 2' 

 long, 3" to 4" broad, 

 wh. spots, Jy., grn., wh. 



sub-spicata, Oet.,wh.,lvs. 



SANTALUM. 



Stove evergreen 

 trees and shrubs 

 (prd. Santalacea:). 

 Album yields the 

 Sandal Wood of 

 India, which is 

 either white or 

 yellow, fragrant 

 when dry, and 

 much favoured as 

 a perfume. It is \\ 

 rather mysterious 

 plant, which has 

 been declared to 

 be a parasite upon 

 oilier plants which 

 may be growing 

 near it. This para- 

 sitism has, how- 

 ever, been denied 

 in other quarters. 

 I lie Xaiitalums are 

 rather intractable 

 under cultivation. 

 A sandy loam fin- 

 soil, and a high 

 degree of heat, are 

 necessary. This 

 is the treatment, 

 which is given to 

 them at Kew with 

 good results. 



Principal 



Species : 



album, 15', My., st., 



red. 

 myrtifolium, Ivs. 



narrow, 

 obtusifolium, 6', Je., 



St., red, slender. 



SANTOLINA. (LAVENDER COTTON.) 

 A small genus of fragrant hardy or half-hnrdy 

 sub-shrubs (nrd. Compoiitse), with small, yellow 

 flowers and rather attractive foliage. Some of the 

 species are used for carpet bedding, or for forming 

 lines, edgings, or white groundwork for other 

 plants ; Charniccyparissus incana is valued for this. 

 They are generally pretty on rockwork also, anil 

 are sometimes grown in mixed borders. Propa- 

 gation, by cuttings or seeds; also, when larL'e 

 enough, by division. Soil, rather light and 

 ilrv. 



Principal Species and Varieties : 



alpina (now Anthemis tomeutosa, flowers 



small. 



pectinata, 2', Jy., yel. 

 (Bentham, not Lag.). 



mon tana). 



Chama^cyparissus, 1 ' to 

 2', Jy., yel. 



incana, dwarfer and 

 whiter (xyn. iucana). 



squarrosa, erect grower, 

 flowers small 



jjiin.n. Ltd. 



SANSEVIEUA 



Santia (sen 1'ulypHymi). 

 ot) 



rosmarinifolia, 2', Aug., 

 yel. (syn. pectiuata, not 

 Bentham) . 



viridis, 2', Aug., yel. 

 (*,'/. virens). 



SANVITALIA (,*>jn. LOBE.NTEA). 



A' little grown genus of stove or half-hardy 

 annual or perennial herbs (urd. Composite). Prop- 

 agation, by seeds. Soil, equal parts sandy loam 

 and peat. 



Principal Species 

 and Variety : 



procumbens, Jy. ,hlf- 

 hdy aim. trailer, 

 yel., disc pur. 

 - flore pleno, 

 double. 



SAP. 



The watery fluid 

 found in living 

 plants, enclosed in 

 the cells, and also 

 saturating the cell 

 walls. In its crude 

 form it is practic- 

 ally only the water 

 that has been ab- 

 sorbed from the 

 soil by the root 

 hairs, but which 

 carries with it 

 various dissolved 

 salts, upon which 

 the plant depends 

 for a portion of its 

 food. This crude 

 sap is passed to 

 the leaves, where 

 it is elaborated, 

 and thence back 

 to the various parts 

 of the plants where 

 growth is active. 

 In this form it is 

 commonly spoken 

 of as the elaborated 

 sap. It follows, 

 therefore, that the 

 composition of the 

 sap depends not 

 only upon the kind 



of plant, but also upon the particular stage of 

 development at which it (the sap) may be. 



Rise and Flow of the Sap. There is a constant 

 flow upwards of crude and a return of elabor- 

 ated sap throughout the year, for when this 

 ceases the plant dies. The flow is very sluggish 

 in the winter months, with deciduous trees especi- 

 ally. It is true that the sap flow is marked 

 by two periods of greatest activity, charac- 

 terised by the pushing of new leaf growth, the 

 presence of great quantities of viscous fluid in 

 the cambium, which causes the bark to "lift"' 



Xai/ar< \nt, ur Suicarroig (Caryocar ni(ciferuai). 



THYKSIFLOKA. 



