Scrophularia 



( 322 ) 



Seakale 



Clematises, Hops, and many other strong, rambling 

 subjects will provide screens in positions where 

 trees cannot be planted, and most of these are also 

 available for covering unsightly and bare walls. 

 The homely Scarlet Runners, delightful Sweet Peas, 

 and rampant Tropaeoluras are all good for lower 

 screens than those already referred to, but they 

 are only suitable for summer and autumn. 



Screens for protective purposes are more used 

 now than formerly, and it has been proved that 

 screens of Poplars, Austrian Pines, or Damsons, 

 planted on the cold, windward side of a somewhat 

 exposed orchard, give shelter at the time it is most 

 needed. In the case of wall fruit trees, especially 

 those that flower very early, a canvas screen is of 

 service to keep sunshine from the bloom buds, and 

 so retard them as much as possible, but at a later 

 date, after the flowers have opened, canvas screens 

 or fish netting doubled serve to guard from frost 

 at night ; if the former is used it must be drawn 

 asiile by day. 



SCROPHULARIA. (FIGWOBT.) 



A numerous but, for garden purposes, almost 

 valueless, genus of hardy annual, biennial, or per- 

 ennial plants (ord. Scrophularineas). Propagation, 

 by seeds and division. Common soil. 



Principal Species : 

 aquatica variegata, 2', chrysantha, 6" to 15", 



sum., hdy. per., Ivs. Mch., hlf-hdy. bieu., 



grn., wh. yel. 



SCUTELLARIA. 



Hardy and tender perennials-' (ord. Labiatse). 

 There are a good many species in the genus, but 

 comparatively few are generally cultivated. Propa- 

 gation, by seeds and division in the spring for the 

 herbaceous species, by cuttings in sandy soil for 

 the evergreens, and in heat for tender ones. Soil, 

 common garden, if well drained, for the hardy 

 species, and a compost of loam two parts, leaf 

 mould one part, and sand and dried cow manure 

 half a part each for the tender species after the 

 cutting stage is passed. 



Principal Species and Varieties : 

 alpina, 8", Aug., hdy. Hartwegii, 2', sum., St., 



herbaceous, pur. ; lupti- vio. bl. 



lina is a yel., and san- mociiiiaiia, IV to 4', sum., 



guinea a red var. st., sc. yel. 



coccinea, H', sum., st., sc. lateriflora, 1', Jy., hdy., 

 galericulata, 1', Jy., hdy., bl. 



bl. 



Other Species:- 

 caicalensis, 9", Aug., LI. macrantha (sec caicaleu- 



(xifii. macrautha). sis. 



ColumnsB, H', Jy., hdy., minor, 6", Jy., hdy., pk. 



bl. orientalis, 1', Aug., hdy., 



incarnata, 14', Aug., grh. yel. 



ev., ro. Trianoei, H', aut., grh., 



jayaneusis, li',sum.,grh., rosy sc. 



vio. bl. Venteiiatii, 2', Aug., grh., 



Lehmanni,2',sum., st.,sc. sc. 



SCUTICARIA. 



Stove Orchids (ord. Orchidacese) of very distinct 

 habit. The plants grow best head downwards, 

 attached to a block of Teak, with a little peat 

 and sphagnum about the roots. Water sparingly 

 during the resting season. 



Scretv Pii' (sir I'andanns). 



Scrubby Oak (Lophira alata). 



Scrub Oak (Qm-n-iix Ciitrsliiri). 



Scurry (irass (see Cochlearia oficiiialis'). 



Principal Species : 

 Hndweni, Ivs. 9" to 18" 

 long, sum., yeL, grn., 

 br., wh. 



Steelii, Ivs. 2' to 4' long, 

 yel., spotted br., lip 

 or. yel., crim. 



SCYTHE. 



There was a time when the whole of the grass 

 mowing of the garden and field was clone by the 

 scythe, but the mowing machines of the day have 

 ousted the older instrument. Now the scythe is 

 used in the garden for cutting the grass in the 

 wilderness and wild garden, and for mowing the 

 first growth that comes from Grass seeds on newly 

 made lawns. The disadvantage of the scythe is 

 that, except in very skilful hands, lines are left at 

 more or less regular intervals throughout the 

 Grass. 



SEAFORTHIA. 



Tall-growing, handsome stove Palms (ord. 

 Palma;). For culture, see PALMS. 



Principal Species : 

 Alexandra' (now Archon- ana, now Archonto- 



topha-iiix Alexandra). j.li.enix Cunninghamii). 



coronata (now Pinauga Kuhlii (now Pinanga 



coronata). Kuhlii). 



elegans (XI/H. Ptycho- malayaua (now Pinanga 



sperma cuniunghauii- malayana). 



SEAKALE. 



Description. A very delicious vegetable (Crainbe 

 maritima, ord. Crucifene), whose leafstalks when 

 blanched are universally appreciated. 



Propagation. By seeds sown in rich soil in 

 March and April. If the plants are to be moved 

 the seeds should be in drills 1' asunder, but if they 

 are to remain where sown they should be in thin 

 patches 2J' apart. Also, and more generally, by 

 the whip-like roots secured when the stock is lifted 

 for forcing. 



Making Up Beds. This may be done from plants 

 raised in seed beds, or by purchased roots, the 

 latter giving a gain of one year or more according 

 to the age of the roots. The ground can scarcely 

 be made too rich with natural manure, as t la- 

 plants are very gross feeders. As the roots are 

 lifted for forcing, the whip-like roots, when trimmed 

 off, may be employed for making fresh beds. 



Forcing. There is no vegetable easier to force 

 than Seakale, and the simplest manner is to 

 cover the clumps with 1' of earth ; or they 

 may be covered with leaves and long litter. The 

 best method is to cover the clumps with Sea- 

 kale pots or tubs, surrounding and covering these 

 with leaves or thoroughly decomposed manure, 

 long litter being used as a final covering in both 

 cases. Rank, fresh manure should not be employed. 

 as the heating will be too violent. This mode of 

 forcing provides the finest flavoured produce, but 

 earlier may be secured by lifting and forcing under 

 cover. Any place that is quite dark will suit. The 

 temperature should not exceed 55 if the finest 

 flavour is desired. The roots should be packed in 

 light soil, leaves, or Mushroom bed refuse, and the 

 produce will be ready in from five to eight weeks. 



Sriiplitea (see Marila). 



Si'i//i/iiiiitliiis (sir (! runiniatiiriirjiiis). 



P<rn Huclttliorn (see Hippopkae r/iamnoi(tcs). 



<V Ili'fith (so, 1 Fra/nkenia &/?/*). 



Sea Holly (ace Eri/iii/iiini mtirillmnm). 



Si-ii l.urriitliT (sec Static/' Liinnn'mm). 



Sea Onion (Urt/inea maritinin). 



Sea llaymort (Senecio Cineraria). 



