Shelter 



( 333 ) 



Shot Borers 



SHELTER. 



When choosing the site for a kitchen or fruit 

 garden, it is necessary to have an eye to the 

 situation of the plot with regard to shelter. Hills, 

 hedges, woods, and even buildings may all plav 

 an important part in this matter (see KITCHEN- 

 GARDEN and FRUIT GABDBN). Where, however, 

 shelter does not already exist it must be provided. 

 An excellent method of breaking the force of the 

 wind is to plant at intervals chimps or rows of 

 quick-growing trees, such as Lombardy Poplars. 

 A hedge of Beech, Holly, Privet, or Hornbeam may 

 be pressed into service, planting these so that they 

 describe a series of squares. This is a favourite 

 plan with nurserymen. For seaside places there 

 is no better hedge plant than the Tamarisk, and it 

 has the additional merit of being an elegant one, 

 while it does not mind the salt spray. 



For temporary shelters a number of contrivances 

 are available. Covering with mats, tiffany, and 

 Frigi-domo come well under this head, as does 

 also the protection of tender subjects, or plants 

 which may be in flower, by means of bell-glasses, 

 hand-lights, and frames. 



Boughs of Spruce Fir, Laurel, and other ever- 

 greens make excellent winter covering for Magnolias 

 and other tender wall trees. The exclusion of 

 light for a protracted period is harmful. For 

 covering dwarf lioses, Bracken is best, as straw 

 and hay are untidy. Covering the roots of plants 

 in autumn with a mulching of yard dung is another 

 method of giving them shelter. Or the clumps 

 may be covered by a thick layer of leaves, as in the 

 case of the Gunneras. 



A shelter ground or protection ground i.e. a 

 framework of wood boarded up to 3' or 4' from the 

 Lfi-i Mind, but open at the top is almost indispensable 

 in every garden. It is of the greatest value in 

 sheltering bedding plants that are being hardened 

 off. During the winter also it will accommodate 

 the Deutzias, Koses, Spiraeas, and other material 

 waiting to be forced. The usual plan of covering 

 the roof is by tarpaulins, which may be rolled 

 upon wooden rollers. 



Koses intended for exhibition must be sheltered 

 from the sun, or much of the colour will be bleached 

 out. Various contrivances are extant, but one of 

 the best is a little adjustable hood. Gladioli are 

 sheltered by little wooden boxes with glass fronts, 

 and open at the bottom. Wall fruit trees'may be 

 protected when in flower, by a thin covering of 

 tiffany or fish netting. 



SHEPHERDIA. 



Three species only (ord. Eleagnacese) of hardy, 

 ornamental shrubs. Culture as for Hippophae. 



Principal Species : 



argeutea.Ap., yel., berries canadensis, 3' to 6', My., 

 sc., acid, edible (*///. yel., covered rusty 



Hippophae and Leptar- scales, berries yel., red, 



syreia argeutea). Beef not of agreeable flavour 



Tree, Babbit (.)/;/. Hippophae and 

 Berry. Leptargyreia conaden- 



SHEPHERD'S PURSE. 



A troublesome little Cruciferous weed (Capsella 

 Hursa-pastoris), remarkable both for its vitality 



fffie Oiilt (Cnxuarina, strictti). 

 ShepheriFi Heard (sen Urnspermum). 



Siii'/i/irn/'s Clock (Traiinp/ytm jmilciisix). 

 ShepTieri Chili (mv I >;/./(// T/in/>giis). 



Xhr/>li, rtl'x Knot (let I'li/rnl ill, i). 



and the quantity of seed that it produces. Hand- 

 picking and the frequent use of the Dutch hoe are 

 the remedies. 



SHERBOURNIA. 



The only species (ord. Kubiacese) was formerlv 

 included with the Gardenias, and may be treated 



like them. 



Only Species : 



foliosa, sum., st. ev. shr., wh., pur., or. (syns. 

 Amaralia bignoniasflora, and Gardenia calycina and 

 Sherbourniae). 



SHIFTING. 



Shifting is often synonymous with potting. 

 Particulars will be found under POTTING. 



The term " shifting " is often applied to the lifting 

 and removal to another place of various plants 

 growing in the open ground. In the case of fruit 

 trees, involving, as it does, severance of some of 

 the stronger roots, this removal tends to the develop- 

 ment of fruitful habits. Where mixed shrubberies 

 are a feature of the grounds and flower gardens, 

 and it is desired to have an immediate effect, 

 the shrubs are always put in rather closely. 

 So much is this so that it is very necessary 

 to go over these shrubberies subsequently and 

 shift a number of the plants to other quarters. 

 The permanent tree features of the grounds should 

 be so arranged that no subsequent shifting is 

 nrodrd, or much labour and expense may be 

 involved. 



The shifting of plants from the supply 

 department to the show houses is always an 

 important item in big gardens. For plants in 

 flower the hand-barrow is the best means of con- 

 veyance ; wheelbarrows and horse-drawn vehicles 

 jolt too much. For long journeys the plants should 

 be packed tightly into the cart, and the horse only 

 allowed to proceed at walking pace. Foliage plants 

 and Ferns are not so particular. In winter there 

 is the added difficulty of exposure to the cold. 

 When frosts and cold winds prevail, the hand- 

 barrow and cart must be covered. 



It is an excellent plan to shift the plants about 

 occasionally in the conservatory. Ne'w combina- 

 tions may thus bi> made, and added interest given. 



SHIRLEY POPPIES (w PAPAVEH). 

 SHORTIA. 



A genus of charming perennial herbs (iird. 

 Diapensiacea:), with exquisitely beautiful flowers 

 and pretty radical leaves, which render them 

 among 'the most, prized occupants of an Alpine 

 garden. Two of the three known species are in 

 cultivation. Propagation, by division, which should 

 only be adopted with good-sized plants, or by 

 offsets, removed in spring or after flowering. For 

 soil. peal. and sand are suitable, in a partially shaded 

 position, with plenty of water in summer. Shortia 

 californica is properly Actinolepis coronaria. 



Principal Species : 

 galacifnliii, :t" to !)'', spr., uniflora, 2" to 6", spr., 



wh. (xee />. 334). pale pk. 



SHOT BORERS. 



MiM-hievous little dark brown or black beetlr-. 

 popularly known as the Apple-bark Beetle (Xyl< - 

 burns or llo.striclms dispar), which attack Apple. 



Khii'lil- l-'i-rn (, 

 Xlihiiilr /In/; ( 

 ,~<lii,i : ilr I'lii ill 



li inn). 



i inbririir'w). 



H ill-nil, 'mill, i'). 



