Turpinia 



( 414 ) 



Tylophora 



chief methods of combating the beetles may be 

 summed up as follows : 



(1) Clear off all Cruciferous weeds and burn all 

 rubbish as soon as possible. 



(2) Dig deeply in winter to bury the pup:e. 



(3) Sow in drills instead of broadcast. 



(4) Water overhead. 



(5) Or dust with soot or lime. 



The method of sowing in drills with manure in 

 the bottom assists in pushing the plants past I he 

 stage at which an attack is to be feared. Thick 

 sowing has been advised, but it is not a good plan 

 to follow. 



Ceutorhynchus sulcicollis is the cause of the galls 

 so frequently seen upon the roots. The insect is 

 small and black, and the galls are fleshy. Examin- 

 ation will reveal a small maggot in the cavity of 

 each gall. Remedies : Cut off and burn the galls, 

 and dress with gas lime some weeks before cropping. 

 C. assimilis is grey instead of black, and feeds .upon 

 the flowers and young roots instead of the leaves. 

 Remedies as for sulcicollis. 



TURPINIA (syns. DALRYMPLEA, EYREA, 

 LACEPEDEA, OCHHANTHE, and TRICERAIA). 



Stove and greenhouse trees and shrubs (ord. 

 Sapindacea?) with white flowers in panicles. Prop- 

 agation, by cuttings of ripe shoots in sand in a 

 close case in beat. Soil, peat and loam in equal 

 parts with sand. For Turpinia of Persoon sec 



POIRETIA. 



Principal Species : 



arguta,3' to 4', Mch., grh. 



shr. (111/11. Ochranthe 



arguta). 

 insignis, 20', My., st. , 



fragrant (si/ii. Lace- 



pedea insignis). 

 occidentalis, 20' to 30', 



rigida (now Quivisia chilo- 

 sautha) 



with vio. steins and 

 petioles 



My., at. tree, fruits dark 

 bl. Cassava Wood, 

 pomifera, 18' to -25', My., 

 st., fruits red, pur. , yel. , 

 or grn. (syn. nepalen- 

 sis). 



Other Species : 



seini - clausa, sum., st., 

 calyx red, corolla yel. 

 There are several vars., 



TUSSILAGO. (Coi/r's-Foox.) 



As now composed the genus has only one species 

 (ord. Composite), and it has a reputation not 

 altogether enviable. The wild Colt's-t'oot, Farfara, 

 is a pretty plant when it is starring railway 

 embankments and stretches of waste land with its 

 yellow flowers early in the spring, but it is a 

 troublesome weed in gardens, especially where the 

 soil is heavy and inclined to be at all_ damp. 

 Weed as it is, the plant has economic value, for the 

 leaves, made into cigars, are given to asthmatic 

 patients to smoke. The variegated form may be 

 readily multiplied by dividing the rhizomes in 

 autumn. Almost any soil will do for it, provided 

 it be not very dry. 



Only Species and its Variety : 

 Farfara, 4" to 10", Mch., slmpeil/blotched creamy 



Ap., hdy. per. wh. Becomes a weed 



variegata, Ivs. heart if once established. 



TYCHIUS. 



Peas are sometimes plagued not so frequently 

 in Britain as elsewhere by a lively little weevil, 

 Tychius quinque-maculatus, whose lame feed upon 

 the seeds of the Peas inside the pod. When they 

 are full fed they drop to the ground, pupate in the 

 soil, and hatch into beetles in the autumn. The 

 beetles, which are black, lined and spotted while 

 above, and black below, pass the winter in the 

 ground, the females getting to work next spring 

 to lay eggs in the ovaries of the young flowers. 

 Xothing can be done with the pests inside the 

 pods, but dressing the ground in the autumn 

 with soot is helpful, as it tends to reduce the 

 number of the beetles. 



TURR^EA. 



Stove and greenhouse shrubs (ord. Meliacese), 

 not often grown. Propagation, by cuttings of ripe 

 shoots, from which none of the leaves should be 

 taken, rooted in sand in heat. Soil, loam and peat 

 in equal parts, with sand. 



Principal Species : 



obtusifolia, 4' to (>', My., grh. shr., Ivs. wh., usually 

 three lobed. 



Other Species : 

 heterophylla, My., st. 



shr., wh. (yn. lobata 



of Botanical Register 



XXX., 4). 



TUSSACIA. 



A small genus of stove herbs (ord. Gesneracea?) 

 with creeping, branching rhizomes. The calyx is 

 large, often bright scarlet, and is one of the showy 

 features of the flower. Few of the species are in 

 cultivation, but those that are have proved not 

 difficult to grow if treated in the same way as the 

 Gesneras, which sec. 



Principal Species : 



pulchella, 1', Jy., st., corolla yel., calyx red (mjn. 

 Besleria pulchella). 



Turnsole (see lleliotropium). 



Turpentine Moth (see Tortrix). 



Turpentine Tree (1'ixtacia TerebintJiui, Abies, and 



Pintis). 

 Turritis (see Arabis). 



TYD./EA (see ISOLOMA). 



TYLENCHUS. 



A genus of Nematoid worms or Eelworms which 

 frequently work great damage to garden crops, 

 especially those with tender and fleshy roots. They 

 differ considerably from the true worms, and are 

 exceedingly small, hair-like creatures, white, and 

 not visible except by means of a rather powerful 

 magnifying glass. They have a mouth but no 

 head properly so called. Some of the species live 

 in the roots, others in the green parts of plants, 

 setting up galls. Of the most important species, 

 Tritici makes galls in the ovaries of Wheat, and 

 devastatrix attacks the stems and flowers of the 

 Hye, several other Grasses, and a number of other 

 garden plants. Further particulars and methods 

 of treatment have been given under NEMATOID 

 WORMS and EEI.WORMS. 



TYLOPHORA. 



Stove sub-shrubs or herbs, usually twiners (ord. 

 Asclepiadere), with small flowers and opposite 

 leaves. All those named below are twining sub- 

 shrubs, which may be grown in the same way as 

 the Hoyas ; they are of much less garden value, 

 however. 



Tussaein (nf Klotzcli, see Catopsis). 

 Tutsan (see Ifyperiemn Androsiemiim) . 

 Tireedia (see Onr>ji>etalniii). 

 Tirin-flon-er (see jiraroa f/eminijfora). 

 Twisted tttalk (see Streptotna). 

 Tyle Hcrry (Jatrvji/ta miiltifida). 



