CASSELL'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



ICHNEUMONS (Pitnpla manifestator). MALE IN FLIGHT, FEMALES ON TUBE. 



CLASS INSECTA. 

 CHAPTER VII. 



ORDER HYMEXOPTERA (concluded) : THE ENTOMOPHAGA AND PHYTOPHAGA. 



ENTOMOPHAGA, OR "INSECT-EATERS "Meaning of the Term THE ICHNEUMOXID.E Characters Immense Number 

 of Species Parasitism Habits of various Genera THE PROCTOTRUPIM: THE CHALCIPID^E THE CYNIPHXE, CR 

 GALL FLIES Characters Habits The Galls -Different Genera-THE PHYTOPHAGA THE UROCERID*:, OR 

 TAILED WASPS Characters The Great Tailed Wasp Habits -THE TENTHREDINID,E, OR SAW FLIES Characters 

 Various Species. 



TRIBE II. ENTOMOPHAGA. 



FAMILY ICHNEUMONID^. 



rPHE term Entomophaga, or "Insect-eaters," does not strictly apply to all the insects included in the 

 -L tribe so named by entomologists, but so great a majority of them are parasitic in the larva state 

 upon other insects, that the name is a perfectly admissible one. The group may be at once 

 distinguished by the possession of a petiolate abdomen and two-ringed trochanters. 



The largest and most important family of this tribe is undoubtedly that of the Ichneumonidae, 

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