THE RYCIX1D.V. 43 



jiymphalince, it has a great preference for the same spot or twig, to which it will return day after 

 day. It is fond of strongly-smelling substances, and rotten cheese is sometimes employed as a 

 bait to attract it. 



Protogonius, the last genus of Nymplialinw which we shall notice, is South American. It is 

 remarkable for its colouring, which resembles that of some of the Helicomnce, as well as for its 

 peculiar shape, which is unlike that of any other insect. P. hippona measures about four inches 

 across the fore wings, which are much longer than the hind wings. They are black, with a large 

 tawny blotch running from the base to the middle, and widest on its lower side. Beyond this is an 

 irregular transverse yellow band, and nearer the tip a white spot. The hind wings are tawny, and 

 their lower border is black, with a row of long white spots. The long fore wings are strongly arched, 

 curving over to the tip, which is pointed, but not long, and followed by a concavity, below which is 

 a longer and sharper projection ; and another concavity brings us round to the hinder angle of the 

 foro wings. At the outer angle of the hind wings is a long linear tail. 



FAMILY II. ERYCINID^E. 



This family is intermediate between the NymphaMdae and the Lyccenidoe, for while the front 

 legs are perfect in the females, they are rudimentary in the males. It is divided into four 

 sub-families, of which the first, the Libytheince, containing only one genus and a very few species, 

 has much resemblance to the Nymphalirue, but may be distinguished from almost all other 

 Butterflies by the enormous length of the palpi, which are four times as long as the head, and are 

 contiguous throughout their whole length, forming a kind of beak, as in the Crambidce. The fore 

 wings have an angular projection below the tip, and the hind wings are dentated. One species is 

 found in South Europe, which is brown, with a fulvous basal streak and large fulvous blotches. It 

 measures about an inch and three-quarters across the wings. Several other species closely resembling 

 this are met with in Asia, Africa, and America, and a blue species is found in the Moluccas. The 

 pupa is suspended by the tail, as in the Nymphalidce. The three other sub families, forming the 

 Erycinidce proper, have very short palpi, and their pupae are attached by the tail, and by a 

 silken belt round the body as well. Very few species are met with out of South America, where they 

 are exceedingly numerous, and are insects of rather delicate texture, unfitted for strong and 

 sustained flight, and fond of settling on leaves rather than on flowers. 



The second sub-family or the first of the true Erycinidce is that of the tfenieobiinre, and is 

 distinguished by the subcostal nervure of the fore wings dividing into four branches instead of three. 

 To this group belongs the British Duke of Burgundy Fritillary (Nemeobius lucina), which has a 

 superficial resemblance to a small Melitcea. It is a local insect in the South of England, and measures 

 about an inch across the wings, which are brown, and marked with rows of dull orange spots. On 

 the under surface it is reddish-brown, with black marginal clots, and two rows of whitish spots on the 

 hind wings. The East Indian species of Nemeobiince are larger and handsomer Butterflies, and the 

 hind wings are either rounded and dentated, or end in a lobe, or short, blunt tail, or are square, with a 

 projection at the outer angle. They are generally streaked or spotted with white on the under 

 surface. The principal South American genus of this section is Mesosemia, to which belong a great 

 number of little brown or blue Butterflies, marked with black lines, especially on the hind wings, 

 and nearly all have a large round black spot in the middle of the fore wings, marked with two or 

 more white dots. 



The Euselfisiince only include one genus of importance (Euselasia). Their neuration is irregular, 

 but the discoidal nervure is so closely united to the subcostal nervure that it appears to be an addi- 

 tional branch, or a continuation of the subcostal itself. This is difficult to explain in words, but the 

 Butterflies themselves may be easily known, having rather short fore wings and long hind wings, 

 often marked with lines or eyes on the under side. Some are brown, some blue, and others again 

 are fulvous, and several species strongly resemble the small South American Satyrlnce of the genus 

 Euptychia. 



The last sub family, the Lemoniince, contains species with only three branches to the subcostal 

 nervure, and with the subcostal and discoidal nervures completely distinct. We need notice only a 

 few of the principal genera. The species of Limnns have rather long fore wings, often with crimson 



