360 



NATURAL HIS TOST. 



sion of six instead of four incisors in the upper and lower jaws, lived also in India- in. the later 

 Tertiary age. 



We have seen that at the present time Africa is inhabited by two kinds of Hippopotami, respec- 

 tively of large and small size. We have also seen that in the Pleistocene age the larger animal 

 inhabited Europe. It is a singular fact that abundant remains of a smaller fossil species, or Pentland's 

 Hippopotamus, should abound in the bone caves of Sicily, and that this dwarfed species should range 

 from that island to Malta, Crete, and the Morea. It is closely allied to the Liberian species, although 

 it is pretty clear that it differed from it in certain details, such. as in the form of its molar teeth. A 

 small species of Hippopotamus has been found fossil in Madagascar. 



AN'OPLOTHEKE RESTORED. 



THE ANOPLOTHERES (ANOFl.OTHERID^). 



Certain extinct animals living in the Eocene times, included by Cuvier in his division of the 

 Pachyderms, and closely allied to the Hogs and Hippopotami, constitute the family of Anoplotheres. 

 They were first revealed by the genius of Cuvier from the study of the remains discovered in the 

 gypsum quarries at Montmartre ; and they owe their name and their most distinguishing character to 

 the fact that their teeth, which in all number forty-four, form an even, unbroken series, like those in 

 man, the canines not standing out sharp and prominent above the rest, as in the case of the Carnivores 

 and the Palseotheres found in association with them. These animals presented remarkable variations 

 in size, some being as large as a Pony, while others were about the size of a Gazelle. They varied 

 also in their proportions, some being heavily built, as in the restoration given above, while others 

 were slender and elegant like the Antelopes. They are of peculiar interest, because they are the 

 parent stock from which in succeeding geological ages the Ruminants are derived. 



W. BOYD DAWKIXS. 

 H. W. OAKLEY. 



