INSTINCT AND INTELLIGENCE. 



spoon and fork to convey food to his mouth, pour wine into a 

 glass and drink it, take wine with another at the table when so 

 invited, clinking the glass according to the French custom ; he 

 would go and fetch a cup and saucer, put them on the table, put 

 sugar in the cup, pour tea into it, and leave it to cool before drink- 

 ing it, and all this without any prompting on the part of the 

 master. He was circumspect in approaching persons, to avoid the 

 appearance of rudeness, and used to present himself like a child 

 desirous of receiving caresses. 



M. Flourens found the same marks of intelligence in an ourang- 

 outang in the Garden of Plants. This animal was gentle and 

 sensible to caresses, especially from children, with whom he was 

 always delighted to play. 



He could lock and unlock the door of his room, and would look 

 for the key of it. He showed none of the petulance and impa- 

 tience common to apes. His air was serious, his gait grave, and 

 his movements measured. 



It appeared one day that an illustrious old savant accompanied 

 M. Flourens to visit the animal. The figure and costume of this 

 gentleman were singular. His body stooped, his gait was feeble, 

 and movement slow. These peculiarities evidently attracted the 

 notice of the animal. While he acquiesced with all that was 

 desired of him, his eye was never withdrawn from his strange 

 visitor. When they were about to retire, the animal, approaching 

 the old gentleman, took with a certain expression of archness the 

 cane from his hand, and affecting to support himself upon it, bent 

 his back and hobbled round the room, imitating the gait and ges- 

 tures of the stranger, after which, with the greatest gentleness, 

 he returned to him the walking -cane. 



" We quitted the ourang-outang," says M. Flourens, " con- 

 vinced that philosophers are not the only observers in the world." 



109. The close analogy of the structure of the ourang-outang 

 to that of man will render this high degree of intelligence less 

 surprising. This analogy is even more apparent in the skeleton 

 than in the mere external form, as will be seen by comparing the 

 fig. 28, which is that of the ourang-outang, with fig. 29, which 

 is that of man. 



110. An analogy not less striking is apparent in the brain of 

 the animal compared with the human brain. In fig. 30 a side 

 view of the human brain is presented, and in fig. 31 a similar 

 view of the brain of the ourang-outang. 



111. Leroy had already observed in the wolf, like signs of 

 generalisation. When that animal appears, he is pursued, and 

 the assemblage and tumult announce to him at once how much 

 he is feared, and all that he has himself to dread. Hence, when- 



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