INSTINCT AND INTELLIGENCE. 



and more necessary by the benefits he confers ; and having arrived 

 at that point, he ventures to employ fear and chastisement, which 

 if resorted to without the previous measures would have excited 

 resistance and repugnance. 



To tame an animal is not to train him. Tarneness is the 

 subjugation of those instincts which would render him hurtful 

 to those around him. Training is directed to the intelligence 

 rather than the instinct. It is an educational process, which 

 develops intelligence while it weakens instinct. Savages, while 

 they are less intelligent than the civilised, have surer and 

 quicker instincts. It is the same with the lower animals. 

 Domesticity always enfeebles and often wholly effaces instinct. 



When man educates and trains an animal, he imparts to it a 

 ray of his own intelligence. The change is rather that of a new 

 faculty created than of an existing one enlarged. It is a trans- 

 formation rather than an improvement. 



176 



