174 THE PROBLEM OF EVOLUTION 



Answer to No. 8. The advance in the treat- 

 ment of the insane has nothing to do with 

 monism, but with the modern growth of humane 

 ideas, which are an inheritance from Christianity. 

 Juliusburger would have expressed himself more 

 correctly, had he said : * The more Christian we 

 all become, the better will our patients fare.' 

 The Christian commandment enjoining love 

 of our neighbour has certainly produced nobler 

 fruits in the form of Christian charity than the 

 new monism has done. Men so distinguished 

 in their treatment of the insane as Schroeder 

 van der Kolk, Griesinger, and others, would 

 decidedly resent being classed as monists 

 because they initiated the reform in the 

 management of madhouses. The monistic 

 director of a famous asylum in Switzerland 

 told me, sixteen years ago, that he preferred 

 to take his attendants from the Catholic, 

 rather than from the Protestant, cantons. 

 Can we possibly imagine that the Catholic 

 attendants held more advanced monistic views, 

 ' and not rather that they possessed more 

 Christian sense of duty ? 



'I must shortly allude to another subject, viz. 

 to our out-of-date ways of regarding and treating 

 criminals. The futility of our struggle against 

 crime is due, among other things, to the still pre- 

 vailing doctrine of the unity of the soul. It is the 



