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Gardening for Amateurs 



gigantea, with large leaves ; crenata, dentata, 

 digitata, gracilis and pedata, with small 

 finely-lobed leaves ; atropurpurea and nigra, 

 with dark-coloured foliage ; chrysocarpa, 

 chrysomela, and chrysophylla, with golden 

 leaves ; and hybrida marginata, marginata 

 major, and Crippsii, with silver variegated 

 leaves. The climbing or trailing Ivies are, 

 however, only juvenile forms, for at maturity, 

 or when the plants reach the tops of their 

 supports, the branches assume a bush-like 



A berried shoot of Pernettya. 



character and produce flowers and fruits. 

 This character has been taken advantage of 

 by horticulturists, and by propagating from 

 such branches the so-called tree Ivy has 

 been perpetuated. Now it is possible to 

 procure small bushes with green or gold or 

 silver variegated leaves, and such plants 

 are very popular for beds and shrubberies. 

 They may be ordered under the names of 

 gold, silver, or green tree Ivies. As a rule, 

 the trailing forms are increased by cuttings, 

 and the bush or tree varieties by cuttings 

 also, but more frequently by grafting upon 

 rooted cuttings of the common Irish Ivy. 



Helianthemum (Sun Rose). (See under 

 " Cistus.") 



Ilex (Holly) is an important genus, in- 

 somuch that it includes the Common Holly, 



Ilex aquifolium, which is at the same time 

 the most beautiful and most useful of native 

 evergreen trees, if we except the Scots Pine. 

 Its glossy green leaves and showy red 

 berries are familiar objects everywhere, but 

 are never more beautiful than when the 

 trees are growing naturally in woodland. 

 Sometimes it is found as a tree upwards of 

 50 feet high, with a trunk of considerable 

 size, but more often it is of bushy habit and 

 between 20 and 30 feet high. Male and 

 female flowers appear on different plants, 

 therefore some trees besr fruits and others 

 none. During the many years in which it 

 has been grown in British gardens a great 

 many varieties have occurred, the most 

 distinct of which have been given varietal 

 names. These differ either in size and shape 

 of foliage, the spiny nature of the leaves, 

 colour of fruit, or colour of foliage. In the 

 latter case there are many with very pretty 

 gold and silver variegated leaves. Good ones 

 for general planting are : Golden Queen, 

 Golden Milkmaid, and aurea marginata, 

 variegated yellow ; Silver Queen, Hands- 

 worth Silver, and elegans ; silver variegated ; 

 camelliaefolia, large dark leaves ; Donning - 

 tonensis, narrow dark leaves, scotica, spine- 

 less leaves ; angustifolia, small leaves ; and 

 myrtifolia, small leaves and bushy habit. 

 Then there are the large-leaved hybrid 

 Hollies, such as altaclarensis, Shepherdii, 

 Mundyi and nigrescens, all of which form 

 handsome specimens. I. opaca, the Ameri- 

 can Holly, is another useful evergreen, as 

 is also I. cornuta, a curious plant from China. 

 I. dipyrena, a large-growing kind from the 

 Himalayas, may be planted in the warmer 

 counties, whilst the dwarf-growing, small- 

 leaved I. crenata, a Japanese shrub, is suit- 

 able for beds on lawns. I. Pernyi is a new 

 Holly from China which is likely to become 

 very popular. 



Kalmia latifolia is an attractive shrub. 

 It forms a large bush 4 to 8 feet high and of 

 similar width. The dark green oval leaves 

 are 2 to 3 inches long, and serve as a con- 

 trast to the heads of white, pink-tinged 

 flowers which appear in June. K. angusti- 

 folia is a small bushy shrub 1 to 2 feet 

 high ; it bears rose-coloured flowers. The 

 Kalmias like a moist, peaty soil, which is 

 well drained. 



