230 GARDENING FOR BEGINNERS 



good : Lucida, flowers double white ; flore pleno coccineo, flowers 

 double scarlet ; flore pleno roseo, flowers double, rose coloured ; flore 

 puniceo, flowers single red ; atrofusca, weeping habit, flowers white. 

 Paul's Scarlet is a very bright kind. C. Pyracantha (Evergreen Fire 

 Thorn) is a well-known shrub, usually planted against a wall, and is one 

 of the most attractive of shrubs for this purpose. The berries are borne 

 in clusters, and if birds are kept off, will remain fresh for the greater part 

 of the winter. All the Thorns thrive in any good soil. 



Cytisus (Broom). This is a fairly large group of shrubs, with pea- 

 shaped flowers. Ordinary soil suits them, and they succeed well in dry 

 situations. Those mentioned are perfectly hardy and satisfactory in all 

 ways. C. biflorus is of sturdy growth and very free-flowering. Its 

 bright yellow flowers are borne in clusters. The Black Cytisus (C. 

 nigricans), from Austria, bears rich yellow flowers in erect racemes 

 towards midsummer. C. prcecox, a hybrid between C. albus and C. 

 purgans, is a grand shrub for massing. In habit it is less vigorous than 

 the White Broom. The flowers are sulphur yellow. C. capitatus is a 

 much branched bush, four feet high, with bright yellow flowers at the 

 points of the growths. C. purgans is a charming free-growing and free- 

 flowering dwarf shrub. Its flowers are bright yellow. C. purpureus is 

 another good dwarf spreading shrub, which bears dull purple flowers 

 during May and June. The flowering branches must be cut away as 

 soon as the flowers fade. As it is of procumbent habit it deserves a place 

 in the rock-garden. C. kewensis is another rock-garden Cytisus, raised 

 by crossing C. Ardoinii with C. albus. It is of creeping habit, and bears 

 a profusion of cream-coloured flowers. C. albus (White Broom), C. 

 scoparius (Yellow Broom) are too well known to need description, and 

 andreanus, a variety of the last named, also known as Genista andreana, 

 is very showy and blooms profusely. C. Beanii is a dwarf, golden-flowered 

 hybrid suitable for the rockery and C. Dallimorei, a hybrid between C. 

 scoparius andreanus and C. albus, bears a profusion of rosy-purple 

 flowers and grows four or five feet high. Groups of White and Common 

 Broom are very beautiful and are the shrubs to plant in rough places, 

 where one wants to preserve a wild free growth. 



Dabcecia polifolia (St. Dabeoc's Heath), and its varieties, alba and 

 bicolor, are exceptionally pretty free-flowering dwarf evergreens, which 

 seem to flourish best in damp peaty soil. They are just the kind of 

 shrubs for planting in masses at the foot of the rock-garden, as their 

 neat habit fits them for such a position. The drooping flowers of each 

 are borne in erect terminal racemes in summer and autumn. The type 

 has crimson-purple flowers ; alba, white ; and bicolor, white and purple 

 on the same plant (see also p. 185). 



Daphnes. These are low-growing, deciduous, and evergreen shrubs, 

 native of Europe, Japan, China, &c. The family is a fairly large one, 

 and many species are suitable for open-air culture in this country.. They 

 should be planted in rich soil of good depth, and as they require plenty 

 of water while growth is being made, perfect drainage should be provided. 

 It is also advisable to shield them from cold winds. Few shrubs are more 



