6i8 



GARDENING FOR BEGINNERS 



FIG. 68. Useful Garden 

 Tools. 



Dibble, Dutch or push hoe, com- 

 mon or draw hoe, and rake. 



Linosyris vulgaris (Goldilocks), Columbine, Rudbeckia, Erigeron sfeciosus, Eryngium 



alpinum, Galega (Goat's Rue), Geranium (Cranes-bill), Tradescantia virginica, Pole- 



monium, Geums, Ribbon Grass, Adonis vernalis. 

 Hollyhocks, Cannas, Dahlias, Begonias, and Gladioli 

 can be lifted and stored for the winter. May-flower- 

 ing Tulips can all be planted early in March, lifting 

 them when ripe. Many Lilies can be planted in 

 February and March, lifting them when ripe and 

 wintering them in boxes of moist peat. Biennials 

 and half-hardy plants can be raised the previous 

 season, or the same season in heat. Marguerite 

 Carnations, hybrid Aquilegias, Foxgloves, Portu- 

 laccas, Antirrhinum, Annual Chrysanthemums, Asters, 

 Stocks, Sweet Williams, Canterbury Bells, Petunias, 

 Coreopsis (annual and perennial), Salpiglossis, Sweet 

 Scabious, Sweet Sultan, Indian Corn, Dianthus Hed- 

 dewigi, Annual Phlox, Verbenas, Aubrietias, Cam- 

 panula pyramidalis, Eschscholtzias, Iceland Poppies, 

 Tufted Pansies, Evening Primroses, Sweet Tobacco 

 (Nicotiana sylvestris], Forget-me-not (Myosotis . dis- 

 sitiflora), Gypsophila paniculata, Tagetes (African 

 and French Marigolds), Celsia cretica, Mulleins, and 

 Anchusa italica. Few annuals succeed, the best being 



Nasturtiums, annual Larkspurs, and annual Monkshoods, with Godetias, Shirley Poppies; 



and Cornflower will do sown the previous September for transplanting ; Paris Daisies, 



Salvias, Ivy-leaved Geraniums, Heliotrope, Fuchsias, Geraniums, and Pentstemons, to be 



struck from cuttings and wintered in a cool frame. Trees: 



Copper Beech, Silver Maple, Golden Elder, Weeping Ash, red 



and pink Hawthorns, Japanese flowering Apples, double white 



and pink Cherries, red Horse-Chestnut, and Laburnums. 



" As Creepers, cut-leaf and other Blackberries, type Clematises, 



on their own roots, white Everlasting Peas, Kentish Hops, Vir- 

 ginian Creepers, Honeysuckle of kinds, and hardy single Roses 



and Ivy ; Pampas Grass, Guelder Roses, Weigelas, Rugosa, or 



other single hardy Roses on their own roots. Sweet Briars all 



do as bushes. Mock Oranges, Ribes of kinds, Forsythia, Lilacs, 



all these will do." 



Garden Tools. These must be of various descriptions. 



Spades, forks, hoes, rakes, picks, knives, saws, shears, scythes, 



rollers, wheelbarrows, water-pots, and many other things. But 



once purchased they should always have a place to themselves, 



where, having been well cleaned after being used, they can be 



hung up or otherwise stored. It is surprising how little space 



tools need. When on hooks, or large nails, they can be hung 



up round a shed. A shed made with a wood frame, and coated 



with corrugated iron, does not cost much, and is very enduring. 



It may even be large enough, if near the greenhouse or frames, 



to be used as a potting shed also. All tools should be kept quite 



clean, as then they work more freely and last longer. Always 



leave water-cans upside down after use. Give barrows, pots, &c., 



a coat of paint occasionally, as it pays in the end. Keep one 



large pruning knife for rough work, and a small one in the pocket 



for common use. 



Greenhouse Fires. Where there is a greenhouse, some 



means of heating it to exclude frost in winter is essential. Gas or 



oil lamps are temporary and poor means for warming a green- 

 house, often failing, and the foul gases emitted are most harmful 



to the plants. The best provision is found in a small boiler fixed 



in the wall of the greenhouse at one end, the furnace door by 



which it is fed being outside, and protected with a small corru- p IG g Q Rake and 



gated iron sheet to ward off wind and rain from the fuel. If to j' w u op w :.u 



this boiler be attached inside sufficient length of 4-inch piping, it 



is easy then to get up a nice warmth, and with proper attention to 



maintain it through the night, especially in hard weather. All 



these boilers are best fed with fuel of one-third small coal, the 



rest being finely broken coke and house cinders. Always loosen 



the mass of fire, perhaps once in two hours during the daytime, adding fresh fuel, especially 



before going to bed, when the fire should be well banked up. 



draw hoe with 

 long handles. Also 

 digging spade and 

 narrow tined fork. 



