APPLE PEARS. 171 



mous apples. Dwarf apple-trees may be planted six 

 feet apart each way, while ordinary trees in the orchard 

 are given 15 to 30 feet, or even 40 feet. The following 

 sorts are recommended for garden culture. For descrip- 

 tions see nursery catalogues. Red Astrachan, Alexander, 

 Sweet Bough, Fall Pippin, Gravenstein, Maiden's Blush, 

 Porter, Eambo, Northern Spy, Mother, Twenty Ounce, 

 Beauty of Kent, Hawthornden, Spitzenberg, Jonathan, 

 King of Tompkins County, Keswick Codlin, Lady Apple, 

 Eed Canada, Swaar. 



PEARS, 



Like apples, are grown as dwarfs and standards. The 

 former being planted from eight to ten feet apart, the 

 latter from ten to twelve feet. The dwarfs, budded on 

 the quince stock, are mostly used for garden culture, as 

 from their habit they are more suitable, besides having 

 the invaluable quality of coming quicker into bearing. 

 Time was when the adage went, " He that plants pears, 

 plants for his heirs," but this is now no more applicable 

 to the pear than to the peach, for we now have fine crops 

 of pears budded on the quince in three to five years from 

 the time of planting. The trees may be grown as 

 pyramids, or in the bush form, or in small gardens, 

 pear, peach, and other trees are successfully trained 

 in what is called the oblique cordon, which allows 

 a number of varieties to be grown in a small space. 

 Only a general outline of the method can be given 

 here, referring for fuller details to Barry's and other 

 works on fruit culture. A trellis is built about 8 feet 

 high, by nailing a strong top and bottom rail to posts, 

 which should be about 8 feet apart. Slats of inch 

 stuff are put on between the two rails at an angle of 30 ; 

 these are fastened on with screws, as when the trees 

 have reached the top, the slats are to be brought down to 

 45, and they should be long enough to allow for doing 



