MONTHLY CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. 243 



the early part of this month. Avoid the use of fire heat as 

 long as possible ; unless the nights become cold enough to chill the 

 plants inside of the house, they are better without fire heat. When 

 there is indication that the night is likely to be cold, let down the 

 sashes that have been raised for ventilation, early in the afternoon, 

 and thus shut up the heated air until next day. If there is a cold 

 frame or pit at hand, the hardier sorts of plants, such as roses, car- 

 nations, camellias, azaleas, etc. , will do better if placed there until 

 middle of November, than in the ordinary greenhouse. Treated 

 in this manner they make strong, healthy roots, that enable them 

 to withstand the forcing process better when placed in the green- 

 house. Look out for and destroy insects ; see methods already 

 given. The planting of fall bulbs of all kinds may continue dur- 

 ing this month. Dahlias, tuberoses, gladiolus, cannas, caladiums, 

 tigridias, and all tender bulbs or tubers that are planted in spring, 

 should be taken up before the end of the month, dried and stowed 

 away in some place free from frost during winter. 



FRUIT-GARDEN. Strawberries that have been layered in pots 

 may yet be planted this month ; great care should be taken to trim 

 off runners from early plantings. All kinds of fruit-trees and shrubs 

 may be set out ; if planting is deferred to the last of the month, 

 the ground around the roots should be mulched to the thickness of 

 three or four inches, with leaves, straw, or rough manure, as a 

 protection to the roots against the frost. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. This is one of the busiest fall months in 

 the kitchen garden, celery will now be in full growth, and will re- 

 quire close attention to earthing-up, and during the last part of the 

 month, the first lot may be stored away in trenches for winter; 

 see Celery; beets, carrots, parsnips, squash, sweet potatoes, and all 

 other roots not designed to be left in the ground during winter, 

 should be dug by the end of the month. The cabbage, cauliflower, 

 and lettuce plants from the seed sown about the middle of last 

 month, should now be pricked out in cold frames. If lettuce is 

 wanted for winter use, it may be now planted in the greenhouse, 

 and will be ready for use by Christmas. Rhubarb and asparagus, 

 if wanted for use in winter, should be taken up in large clumps 

 and stowed away in pit, frame, shed, or cellar for a month or two, 

 when it may be taken into the greenhouse and packed closely to- 

 gether under the stage, and will be fit for use from January to 

 March, according to the temperature of the house. 



