CULTURE OF SMALL FRUITS. 335 



to which the canes or shoots should be tied. They may 

 be set either in the fall or in the spring. If in the fall, 

 a covering of four or five inches of rotted manure, leaves 

 or soil (if covered with soil it is best to cut down 

 the plants to four or five inches and cover up the whole), 

 should be spread over the roots, to prevent them 

 from being frozen too much. The plants of 

 Blackberries set out either in fall or spring will not 

 give fruit the first season, but, if a good growth has 

 been made, they will give a full crop the next year. 



Fig. 107. WILSON BLACKBERRY. Fig. 108. KITTAT1NNY BLACKBERRY. 



That is, if planted, for instance, about the middle of 

 April, 1886 (or the previous fall), by the middle of July 

 in 1867, a full crop should be obtained. After the fruit 

 has been picked the old canes or shoots should be cut 

 out to give the new ones a chance to grow, about four or 

 five of which only should be left. As the new shoots are 

 very vigorous, when they reach a height of four feet or 

 at most five feet, they should be checked by pinching off 

 the tops. This will cause an abundance of side shoots to 

 start, which are to be pinched when about a foot long. 

 This treatment increases the productiveness of the plants 

 and keeps the fruit within easy reach for gathering. 

 The bushes should be carefully tied to the stakes. Of 



