ROTATION OF CROPS. 65 



the cow. The secret of successful cultivation, says Down- 

 ing, is an abundant supply of manure. A small extent 

 of ground well manured and trenched deeply, by these 

 sub-successions, will produce an enormous amount of 

 vegetables, while only the same surface needs to be hoed, 

 manured, and kept free from weeds, as if it produced but 

 one crop. To be sure, more manure and more labor are 

 needed, but nothing like the amount which would be re- 

 quired to produce the same crops without these sub-suc- 

 cessions. Many other sub-successions will occur to a 

 thoughtful gardener, but to derive the full benefit of them 

 the grounds should be trenched at least thirty inches deep 

 when the garden is formed. 



Profits Of Gardening, The results of the above mode 

 of procedure, in the case of the garden of the Retreat 

 for the Insane, at Utica, New York, were published by 

 Dr. Brig-ham. The land was good and yearly manured. The 

 product was as follows on one and one-fourth acres of 

 land: 1100 heads lettuce, large; 1400 heads cabbage, 

 large; 700 bunches radishes ; 250 bunches asparagus; 300 

 bunches rhubarb ; 14 bushels pods marrowfat peas ; 40 

 bushels beans ; sweet corn, 3 plantings, 419 dozen ; sum- 

 mer squash, 715 dozen; squash peppers, 45 dozen ; cucum- 

 bers, 756 dozen ; cucumber pickles, 7 barrels ; beets, 147 

 bushels ; carrots, 29 bushels ; parsnips, 26 bushels ; onions, 

 120 bushels; turnips, 80 bushels; early potatoes, 35 

 bushels ; tomatoes, 40 bushels ; winter squash, 7 wagon 

 loads ; celery, 500 heads all worth 621 dollars in Utica 

 market, but supplied one hundred and thirty persons 

 with all they could consume. Only one man was required 

 to do all the necessary labor. 



The supply of Northern markets with early fruits and 

 vegetables is becoming yearly more and more profitable 

 to all points which have direct steam communication with 

 their great cities. Charleston, Savannah, and Norfolk, now 

 ship very largely asparagus, peas, snap beans, cucumbers, 



