290 THE CARRIAGE OF VARIOUS MICRO-ORGANISMS 



That is, after 95 J hom-s, 116 colonies of bacteria and 10 colonies of fungi 

 were obtained from this single fly. The fungi were identified as: 



Penicillhmi glaucum 4 colonies 



Eurotium sp 1 colony 



Saccharomyees sp 2 colonies 



Fusarium roseum 1 colony 



Aspergillus niger ... ... 1 ,, 



Mncor nicemosa ... ... ... 1 „ 



The bacteria after having been sub-cultured and plated out were 



identified as : 



Daeillus coli commune ... 



Bacillus subtilis... 



Bacillus tumescens 



Bacillus lactis acidi 



Sarcina lutea 



Sarcina ventriculi 



Micrococcus pyogenes aicreus ... 



Micrococcus ureae 



Acid-fast bacilli... 



Bacilli stained by Gram 



Bacilli not stained by Gram... 



The extremely large number and preponderance of bacilli 

 carried by this fly No. 3 shows very strikingly the infection which 

 a fly frequenting such miscellaneous household refuse as is con- 

 tained in the average household dust-bin or garbage may carry, and 

 the results of such careful experiments as those which are recorded 

 above demonstrate clearly not only that flies normally carry about 

 the spores of fungi and bacteria and the extra infection which they 

 obtain by frequenting refuse, but also their liability to carry and 

 disseminate such bacteria, pathogenic and non-pathogenic, with 

 which they may come into contact in their wanderings. 



Manning (1902) obtained cultures of the following bacteria 

 from infected flies : B. pyocyaneus, Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, 

 B. typhi-ahdominalis, and B. coli commune. 



If flies have access to wounds of an inflammatory and suppu- 

 rative nature they are liable to transport the Staphylococci to 

 other spots. Buchanan (1907) allowed M. domestica to walk over 

 a film of Staph ylococciis pyogenes aureus from an abscess, and after- 

 wards over agar ; a mixed growth resulted, in which S. pyogenes 

 aureus predominated. Buchanan (I.e.) also experimented with the 

 bacillus of swine fever. Nine blow-flies (C. vomitoria) were caught 



