CARRIAGE OF DISEASE 129 



writer was consulted, and advised that Doctor Soper be 

 called in to make a thorough investigation. The results 

 of Doctor Soper' s search were most interesting. Af- 

 ter studying every possible source with absolutely nega- 

 tive results, the proper examinations were begun, and 

 it was discovered that Mary, the cook, was a chronic 

 carrier. Her past history was looked into, and it was 

 found that for several years there had been typhoid 

 cases in nearly every family who had engaged her. 

 She was immediately isolated, and kept in custody for 

 three years. Then she was released, promising never 

 again to engage as cook and to report at frequent 

 intervals. She returned after four months saying that 

 she could get no work and was placed by the New York 

 City Department of Health in one of the laundries of 

 a public institution, where she still remains. 



Much space was devoted to accounts of this case in 

 the daily newspapers and other publications at the time, 

 and about that time and subsequently many investi- 

 gators began to look into the general subject of typhoid 

 carriers, with remarkable results. For example, a dairy 

 maid was found at Killworth, England, in 1909, 

 through the investigations which followed a typhoid 

 outbreak. It was discovered that she had had the fever 

 in 1903, and that families with whom she subsequently 

 lived had typhoid cases. Finally she became attached 

 to a dairy which furnished milk to an army post, and 

 when the milk was not boiled many cases of typhoid 

 resulted. 



In another instance an epidemic of typhoid in the 



