PREVENTIVE MEASURES 203 



or twice a week, either by the city scavengers, or by 

 g-ardeners for fertih'zing purposes. In the case of a 

 large stable, where many horses are cared for, Herms 

 recommends such a closet as was used in Washington, 

 or the construction of a lean-to or shed connecting with 

 the stable by means of a small screened door. Where 

 it is not convenient to construct a lean-to because of 

 sliding doors or other obstructions, he recommends a 

 large bin, either of wood or of concrete, with a hinged 

 top. He illustrates a type of concrete bin used in one 

 of the fire-engine houses in Berkeley, but shows that 

 it is not conveniently constructed, since it is unhandy 

 to remove the manure. It ought not to be difficult to 

 construct a concrete bin with a lidded top, and a lower 

 hinged door from which the manure can be removed 

 conveniently. 



The Sanitary Privy 



The uncared-for privy, both on farms and in towns, 

 will eventually disappear, and the sooner it goes the 

 better it will be for human health. It is a prolific 

 source of soil contamination and a prolific breeder of 

 germ-laden flies. Who can estimate the number of 

 lives that have been lost through the persistence of this 

 primitive and persistent blot upon conditions of life 

 which might otherwise be called civilized? 



Hardly any one realizes the extent to which this 

 semi-barbaric institution exists in many parts of the 

 country, and as a matter of fact I am sure that the 

 average person in the large city has no idea of the 



