362 BACTERIOLOGY. 



In the microscopic examination, particularly of urine, 

 of secretions from about the anus, rectum, and genitalia, 

 and of butter, it is manifestly of importance to bear in 

 mind the existence of this confusing group, for it is in 

 such secretions and substances that its members are 

 most often encountered. The smegma bacillus and the 

 butter bacillus are especially liable to lead one into error 

 of diagnosis. This is less apt to be the case with the 

 comparatively rare lepra bacillus. 



BACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS AVIUM (MAFFUCCl), 

 MIGULA, 1900. 



Synonyms: Bacillus tuberculosis avium, Maffucci, 1891 ; Mycobacte- 

 rium tuberculosis avium, Lehmann and Neumann, 1896. 



From time to time fowls are known to suffer from 

 a form of tuberculosis that in a number of ways sug- 

 gests human or mammalian tuberculosis. The bacillus 

 causing the disease, the so-called bacillus of fowl tuber- 

 culosis, bacillus tuberculosis avium, while simulating the 

 genuine bacillus tuberculosis morphologically, differs 

 from it both in cultural and pathogenic peculiarities. 

 Thus, for instance, it develops into much longer and 

 somewhat thinner threads ; grows rapidly on media 

 without glycerin or glucose ; does not grow on potato ; 

 develops as well at from 42 to 43 C. as at 37 to 38 

 C. ;' its virulence is not diminished by cultivation at 

 43 C. ; development on artificial media begins in from 

 six to eight days after inoculation ; young cultures on 

 solid media are whitish, soft, and moist, becoming yel- 

 lowish and slimy with age ; it is somewhat more resist- 



iThe normal body-temperature of fowls ranges between 41.5 and 

 52.4 C. 



