PHANEROGAMIA : FLOWERS. 



321 



not have the epidermis developed, but, instead of this, a delicate, 

 soft, cellular tissue, somewhat yellowish in colour, and often con- 

 taining a sugary secretion, forms the investment of the surface 

 (Nectariuni). 



187 



189 



188 



191 



192 



187 Sonchus asper. A capitulura past flowering, in vertical section, a, Involucral 

 leaves ; b, half-ripe fruits, crowned with the hair-like calyx (pappus). The shaded part 

 is the axial organ (cup-shaped, concave peduncle). 



188 Dryas octopetala. Flower in vertical section, a, Calyx ; 6, corolla ; c, stamens ; 

 d, carpels. The shaded part is the axial organ (cup-shaped, concave receptacle- 

 disc). 



189 Heuchera villosa. Flower in vertical section, a, Calyx ; 6, corolla ; c, stamens ; 

 d, carpels, forming the covering of the germen and the style ; e, seed-buds. The 

 shaded part is the axial organ, forming the base and side-walls of the germen and a 

 narrow perigynous disc. 



180 Ficus carica. Capitulum in vertical section, a, Leaves of the proper involucre ; 

 6, flowers ; c, leaves of the outer involucre. The shaded part is the axial organ (vase- 

 shaped peduncle). 



191 Rosa davurica. Flower in vertical section, a, Calyx ; b, corolla ; c, stamens ; 

 d, carpels. The shaded part is the axial organ (vase-shaped receptacle-disc). 



IM Leucojiun vernum. Flower in vertical section, a, Calyx ; b, petals ; c, stamens ; 

 d, carpels, at present only forming the style and stigma ; e, seed-buds. The shaded part 

 is the axial organ (an inferior germen). 



